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Author |
Hall, A.S. |
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Title  |
Acute Artificial Light Diminishes Central Texas Anuran Calling Behavior |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
The American Midland Naturalist |
Abbreviated Journal |
Amer. Midland Naturalist |
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Volume |
175 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
183-193 |
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Keywords |
Animals; frogs; toads; amphibians; anurans; ecology; wildlife; Texas |
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Abstract |
Male anuran (frog and toad) advertisement calls associate with fitness and can respond to environmental cues such as rain and air temperature. Moonlight is thought to generally decrease call behaviors – perhaps as a response to increased perceived risk of predation – and this study sought to determine if artificial lighting produces a similar pattern. Using a handheld spotlight, light was experimentally introduced to natural anuran communities in ponds and streams. Custom call surveys where then used to measure anuran calls in paired unlit and lit conditions at six locations in central Texas. Among seven species heard, the number of frogs calling and call index declined in response to the acute light input. Local weather conditions could not explain differences between numbers of frogs calling between species, sites, survey order, or lighting order suggesting the main effect on number calling was light treatment. It appears acute artificial light alone can change calling behavior within several species in natural, mixed species assemblages. |
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Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019; allopatry(at)gmail.com |
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BioOne |
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English |
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English |
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0003-0031 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1455 |
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Author |
Borniger, J.C.; Maurya, S.K.; Periasamy, M.; Nelson, R.J. |
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Title |
Acute dim light at night increases body mass, alters metabolism, and shifts core body temperature circadian rhythms |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Chronobiology International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chronobiol Int |
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Volume |
31 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
917-925 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Body temperature; calorimetry; circadian; light at night; metabolism |
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Abstract |
The circadian system is primarily entrained by the ambient light environment and is fundamentally linked to metabolism. Mounting evidence suggests a causal relationship among aberrant light exposure, shift work, and metabolic disease. Previous research has demonstrated deleterious metabolic phenotypes elicited by chronic (>4 weeks) exposure to dim light at night (DLAN) ( approximately 5 lux). However, the metabolic effects of short-term (<2 weeks) exposure to DLAN are unspecified. We hypothesized that metabolic alterations would arise in response to just 2 weeks of DLAN. Specifically, we predicted that mice exposed to dim light would gain more body mass, alter whole body metabolism, and display altered body temperature (Tb) and activity rhythms compared to mice maintained in dark nights. Our data largely support these predictions; DLAN mice gained significantly more mass, reduced whole body energy expenditure, increased carbohydrate over fat oxidation, and altered temperature circadian rhythms. Importantly, these alterations occurred despite similar activity locomotor levels (and rhythms) and total food intake between groups. Peripheral clocks are potently entrained by body temperature rhythms, and the deregulation of body temperature we observed may contribute to metabolic problems due to “internal desynchrony” between the central circadian oscillator and temperature sensitive peripheral clocks. We conclude that even relatively short-term exposure to low levels of nighttime light can influence metabolism to increase mass gain. |
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Department of Neuroscience and |
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English |
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0742-0528 |
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PMID:24933325 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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846 |
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Author |
Canazei, M.; Pohl, W.; Bliem, H.R.; Weiss, E.M. |
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Title |
Acute effects of different light spectra on simulated night-shift work without circadian alignment |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Chronobiology International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chronobiol Int |
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Volume |
34 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
303-317 |
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Keywords |
Human Health |
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Abstract |
Short-wavelength and short-wavelength-enhanced light have a strong impact on night-time working performance, subjective feelings of alertness and circadian physiology. In the present study, we investigated acute effects of white light sources with varied reduced portions of short wavelengths on cognitive and visual performance, mood and cardiac output.Thirty-one healthy subjects were investigated in a balanced cross-over design under three light spectra in a simulated night-shift paradigm without circadian adaptation.Exposure to the light spectrum with the largest attenuation of short wavelengths reduced heart rate and increased vagal cardiac parameters during the night compared to the other two light spectra without deleterious effects on sustained attention, working memory and subjective alertness. In addition, colour discrimination capability was significantly decreased under this light source.To our knowledge, the present study for the first time demonstrates that polychromatic white light with reduced short wavelengths, fulfilling current lighting standards for indoor illumination, may have a positive impact on cardiac physiology of night-shift workers without detrimental consequences for cognitive performance and alertness. |
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c Department of Psychology , University of Graz , Graz , Austria |
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0742-0528 |
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Notes |
PMID:27579732 |
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Call Number |
LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1519 |
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Author |
Chellappa, S.L.; Steiner, R.; Oelhafen, P.; Lang, D.; Gotz, T.; Krebs, J.; Cajochen, C. |
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Title |
Acute exposure to evening blue-enriched light impacts on human sleep |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Journal of Sleep Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Sleep Res |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
573-580 |
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Keywords |
Human Health |
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Abstract |
Light in the short wavelength range (blue light: 446-483 nm) elicits direct effects on human melatonin secretion, alertness and cognitive performance via non-image-forming photoreceptors. However, the impact of blue-enriched polychromatic light on human sleep architecture and sleep electroencephalographic activity remains fairly unknown. In this study we investigated sleep structure and sleep electroencephalographic characteristics of 30 healthy young participants (16 men, 14 women; age range 20-31 years) following 2 h of evening light exposure to polychromatic light at 6500 K, 2500 K and 3000 K. Sleep structure across the first three non-rapid eye movement non-rapid eye movement – rapid eye movement sleep cycles did not differ significantly with respect to the light conditions. All-night non-rapid eye movement sleep electroencephalographic power density indicated that exposure to light at 6500 K resulted in a tendency for less frontal non-rapid eye movement electroencephalographic power density, compared to light at 2500 K and 3000 K. The dynamics of non-rapid eye movement electroencephalographic slow wave activity (2.0-4.0 Hz), a functional index of homeostatic sleep pressure, were such that slow wave activity was reduced significantly during the first sleep cycle after light at 6500 K compared to light at 2500 K and 3000 K, particularly in the frontal derivation. Our data suggest that exposure to blue-enriched polychromatic light at relatively low room light levels impacts upon homeostatic sleep regulation, as indexed by reduction in frontal slow wave activity during the first non-rapid eye movement episode. |
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Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Cyclotron Research Center, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium |
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ISSN |
0962-1105 |
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Notes |
PMID:23509952 |
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no |
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Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2201 |
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Author |
Walker, W.H. 2nd; Borniger, J.C.; Gaudier-Diaz, M.M.; Hecmarie Melendez-Fernandez, O.; Pascoe, J.L.; Courtney DeVries, A.; Nelson, R.J. |
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Title |
Acute exposure to low-level light at night is sufficient to induce neurological changes and depressive-like behavior |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Molecular Psychiatry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mol Psychiatry |
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s41380-019-0430-4 |
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Keywords |
Human health; physiology; brain |
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Abstract |
The advent and wide-spread adoption of electric lighting over the past century has profoundly affected the circadian organization of physiology and behavior for many individuals in industrialized nations; electric lighting in homes, work environments, and public areas have extended daytime activities into the evening, thus, increasing night-time exposure to light. Although initially assumed to be innocuous, chronic exposure to light at night (LAN) is now associated with increased incidence of cancer, metabolic disorders, and affective problems in humans. However, little is known about potential acute effects of LAN. To determine whether acute exposure to low-level LAN alters brain function, adult male, and female mice were housed in either light days and dark nights (LD; 14 h of 150 lux:10 h of 0 lux) or light days and low level light at night (LAN; 14 h of 150 lux:10 h of 5 lux). Mice exposed to LAN on three consecutive nights increased depressive-like responses compared to mice housed in dark nights. In addition, female mice exposed to LAN increased central tendency in the open field. LAN was associated with reduced hippocampal vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) in both male and female mice, as well as increased VEGFR1 and interleukin-1beta mRNA expression in females, and reduced brain derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in males. Further, LAN significantly altered circadian rhythms (activity and temperature) and circadian gene expression in female and male mice, respectively. Altogether, this study demonstrates that acute exposure to LAN alters brain physiology and can be detrimental to well-being in otherwise healthy individuals. |
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Address |
Department of Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA |
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Publisher |
Nature |
Place of Publication |
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English |
Summary Language |
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1359-4184 |
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PMID:31138889 |
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Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
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2509 |
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