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Tabaka, P.; Rozga, P. |
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Title |
Influence of a Light Source Installed in a Luminaire of Opal Sphere Type on the Effect of Light Pollution |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Energies |
Abbreviated Journal |
Energies |
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13 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
306 |
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Keywords |
Lighting |
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Abstract |
The article presents the results of the studies concerning the influence of a light source installed in luminaire of opal sphere type on the light pollution effect of the night sky. It is known from literature reports that the effect of light pollution is influenced by the spectral distribution of light. Although the influence of the spectral distribution has been widely studied from different perspectives, there is still a need to study this phenomenon—for example, from the point of view of the spectral reflection properties of the ground, on which the lanterns are installed. Hence, the above-mentioned aspect was considered in the authors’ investigations. The luminaire considered has been equipped with 20 different light sources, including the latest generation of lamps (light-emitting diodes, LEDs) as well as the conventional ones. With respect to these light sources, the measurements of light distribution and spectral distribution of emitted radiation of the luminaire were performed. Having these measurement data, the simulations were carried out using the DIALux software, and the calculations were made using the specially prepared calculation tool. On the basis of the results obtained in this way this was stated that the type of light source installed in the luminaire has a significant effect on the sky glow. An important factor affecting light pollution is not only the value of the luminous flux emitted upward but also the spectral characteristics of the emitted radiation, the impact of which is most noticeable. The conclusions from the studies indicate the next steps in the analysis of the light pollution effect. These steps will be focused on extended analysis of LEDs as modern and developed light sources. |
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1996-1073 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2815 |
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Author |
Zhu, Y.; Xu, D.; Saleem, A.; Ma, R.; Cheng, J. |
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Title |
Can Nighttime Light Data Be Used to Estimate Electric Power Consumption? New Evidence from Causal-Effect Inference |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Energies |
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Energies |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
16 |
Pages |
3154 |
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Keywords |
Society; electric power consumption; nighttime light data; panel econometrics; panel Granger causality |
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Abstract |
Nighttime light data are often used to estimate some socioeconomic indicators, such as energy consumption, GDP, population, etc. However, whether there is a causal relationship between them needs further study. In this paper, we propose a causal-effect inference method to test whether nighttime light data are suitable for estimating socioeconomic indicators. Data on electric power consumption and nighttime light intensity in 77 countries were used for the empirical research. The main conclusions are as follows: First, nighttime light data are more appropriate for estimating electric power consumption in developing countries, such as China, India, and others. Second, more latent factors need to be added into the model when estimating the power consumption of developed countries using nighttime light data. Third, the light spillover effect is relatively strong, which is not suitable for estimating socioeconomic indicators in the contiguous regions between developed countries and developing countries, such as Spain, Turkey, and others. Finally, we suggest that more attention should be paid in the future to the intrinsic logical relationship between nighttime light data and socioeconomic indicators. |
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School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China; xdy(at)cug.edu.cn |
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MDPI |
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English |
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English |
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1996-1073 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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2614 |
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Pérez Vega, C.; Zielinska-Dabkowska, K.M.; Hölker, F. |
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Title |
Urban Lighting Research Transdisciplinary Framework—A Collaborative Process with Lighting Professionals |
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Journal Article |
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2021 |
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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ijerph |
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18 |
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2 |
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624 |
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Keywords |
Planning; Lighting |
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Over the past decades, lighting professionals have influenced the experience of the night by brightly illuminating streets, buildings, skylines, and landscapes 24/7. When this became the accepted norm, a dual perspective on night-time was shaped and the visual enjoyment of visitors after dusk was prioritized over natural nightscapes (nocturnal landscapes). During this time, researchers of artificial light at night (ALAN) observed and reported a gradual increase in unnatural brightness and a shift in color of the night-time environment. As a consequence, ALAN has been identified as a relevant pollutant of aquatic and terrestrial habitats, and an environmental stressor, which may adversely affect a wide range of organisms, from micro-organisms to humans. Unfortunately, lighting professionals and ALAN researchers usually attempt to solve today’s sustainable urban lighting problems distinctive to their fields of study, without a dialogue between research and practice. Therefore, in order to translate research knowledge as an applicable solution for the lighting practice and to minimize the impact on the environment, a collaborative framework involving a transdisciplinary process with lighting professionals is crucial to potentially bring the practice, research, production, decision-making, and planning closer to each other. This paper presents a framework to help reduce the existing gap of knowledge, because appropriate lighting applications depend upon it. Access to less light polluted nightscapes in urban environments is just as important as access to unpolluted water, food, and air. This call for action towards sustainable urban lighting should be included in future lighting policies to solve the urgent environmental and health challenges facing our world. |
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1660-4601 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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3246 |
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Author |
Coesfeld, J.; Kuester, T.; Kuechly, H.U.; Kyba, C.C.M. |
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Title |
Reducing Variability and Removing Natural Light from Nighttime Satellite Imagery: A Case Study Using the VIIRS DNB |
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Journal Article |
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2020 |
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Sensors |
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Sensors |
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20 |
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11 |
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3287 |
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Remote Sensing; Instrumentation |
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Temporal variation of natural light sources such as airglow limits the ability of night light sensors to detect changes in small sources of artificial light (such as villages). This study presents a method for correcting for this effect globally, using the satellite radiance detected from regions without artificial light emissions. We developed a routine to define an approximate grid of locations worldwide that do not have regular light emission. We apply this method with a 5 degree equally spaced global grid (total of 2016 individual locations), using data from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day-Night Band (DNB). This code could easily be adapted for other future global sensors. The correction reduces the standard deviation of data in the Earth Observation Group monthly DNB composites by almost a factor of two. The code and datasets presented here are available under an open license by GFZ Data Services, and are implemented in the Radiance Light Trends web application. |
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1424-8220 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2988 |
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Author |
Bará, S.; Tapia, C.; Zamorano, J. |
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Title |
Absolute Radiometric Calibration of TESS-W and SQM Night Sky Brightness Sensors |
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Journal Article |
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2019 |
Publication |
Sensors |
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Sensors |
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19 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1336 |
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Keywords |
Instrumentation; calibration; SQM; TESS; photometer; sky brightness |
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We develop a general optical model and describe the absolute radiometric calibration of the readings provided by two widely-used night sky brightness sensors based on irradiance-to-frequency conversion. The calibration involves the precise determination of the overall spectral sensitivity of the devices and also the constant G relating the output frequency of the light-to-frequency converter chip to the actual band-weighted and field-of-view averaged spectral radiance incident on the detector (brightness). From these parameters, we show how to define a rigorous astronomical absolute photometric system in which the sensor measurements can be reported in units of magnitudes per square arcsecond with precise physical meaning. |
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Departmento Física Aplicada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain; salva.bara(at)usc.es |
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MDPI |
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1424-8220 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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2263 |
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