| Records |
| Author |
Cajochen, C.; Jud, C.; Munch, M.; Kobialka, S.; Wirz-Justice, A.; Albrecht, U. |
| Title |
Evening exposure to blue light stimulates the expression of the clock gene PER2 in humans |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
The European Journal of Neuroscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
Eur J Neurosci |
| Volume |
23 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1082-1086 |
| Keywords |
Human Health; Adult; Color; Darkness; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Female; Gene Expression/*radiation effects; Humans; *Light; Male; Melatonin/metabolism; Mucous Membrane/metabolism/radiation effects; Nuclear Proteins/genetics/*metabolism; Period Circadian Proteins; Transcription Factors/genetics/*metabolism |
| Abstract |
We developed a non-invasive method to measure and quantify human circadian PER2 gene expression in oral mucosa samples and show that this gene oscillates in a circadian (= about a day) fashion. We also have the first evidence that induction of human PER2 expression is stimulated by exposing subjects to 2 h of light in the evening. This increase in PER2 expression was statistically significant in comparison to a non-light control condition only after light at 460 nm (blue) but not after light exposure at 550 nm (green). Our results indicate that the non-image-forming visual system is involved in human circadian gene expression. The demonstration of a functional circadian machinery in human buccal samples and its response to light opens the door for investigation of human circadian rhythms at the gene level and their associated disorders. |
| Address |
Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric University Clinics, University of Basel, CH-4025 Basel, Switzerland. christian.cajochen@unibas.ch |
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English |
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0953-816X |
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PMID:16519674 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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727 |
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Bullough, J.D.; Rea, M.S.; Figueiro, M.G. |
| Title |
Of mice and women: light as a circadian stimulus in breast cancer research |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Cancer Causes & Control : CCC |
Abbreviated Journal |
Cancer Causes Control |
| Volume |
17 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
375-383 |
| Keywords |
Human Health; Animals; Breast Neoplasms/*physiopathology; *Circadian Rhythm; *Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; *Light; Light Signal Transduction; Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/*physiopathology; Melatonin/metabolism; Mice; Muridae/metabolism |
| Abstract |
OBJECTIVE: Nocturnal rodents are frequently used as models in human breast cancer research, but these species have very different visual and circadian systems and, therefore, very different responses to optical radiation or, informally, light. Because of the impact of light on the circadian system and because recent evidence suggests that cancer risk might be related to circadian disruption, it is becoming increasingly clear that optical radiation must be properly characterized for both nocturnal rodents and diurnal humans to make significant progress in unraveling links between circadian disruption and breast cancer. In this paper, we propose a quantitative framework for comparing radiometric and photometric quantities in human and rodent studies. METHODS: We reviewed published research on light as a circadian stimulus for humans and rodents. Both suppression of nocturnal melatonin and phase shifting were examined as outcome measures for the circadian system. RESULTS: The data were used to develop quantitative comparisons regarding the absolute and spectral sensitivity for the circadian systems of humans and nocturnal rodents. CONCLUSIONS: Two models of circadian phototransduction, for mouse and humans, have been published providing spectral sensitivities for these two species. Despite some methodological variations among the studies reviewed, the circadian systems of nocturnal rodents are approximately 10,000 times more sensitive to optical radiation than that of humans. Circadian effectiveness of different sources for both humans and nocturnal rodents are offered together with a scale relating their absolute sensitivities. Instruments calibrated in terms of conventional photometric units (e.g., lux) will not accurately characterize the circadian stimulus for either humans or rodents. |
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Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 21 Union Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA. bulloj@rpi.edu |
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0957-5243 |
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PMID:16596289 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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726 |
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Anisimov, V. N. |
| Title |
Light pollution, reproductive function and cancer risk |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Neuroendocrinology Letters |
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| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
1-2 |
Pages |
35-52 |
| Keywords |
Human Health |
| Abstract |
At present, light pollution (exposure to light-at-night) both in the form of occupational exposure during night work and as a personal choice and life style, is experienced by numerous night-active members of our society. Disruption of the circadian rhythms induced by light pollution has been associated with cancer in humans. There are epidemiological evidences of increased breast and colon cancer risk in shift workers. An inhibition of the pineal gland function with exposure to the constant light (LL) regimen promoted carcinogenesis whereas the light deprivation inhibits the carcinogenesis. Treatment with pineal indole hormone melatonin inhibits carcinogenesis in pinealectomized rats or animals kept at the standard light/dark regimen (LD) or at the LL regimen. These observations might lead to use melatonin for cancer prevention in groups of humans at risk of light pollution. |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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703 |
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Amaral, S.; Monteiro, A.M.V.; Camara, G.; Quintanilha, J.A. |
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DMSP/OLS night-time light imagery for urban population estimates in the Brazilian Amazon |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
International Journal of Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
International Journal of Remote Sensing |
| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
855-870 |
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Remote Sensing |
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0143-1161 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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701 |
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Laaksonen, J.; Laaksonen, T.; Itämies, J.; Rytkönen, S.; Välimäki, P. |
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A new efficient bait-trap model for Lepidoptera surveys – the “ Oulu †model. |
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Journal Article |
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2006 |
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Entomologica Fennica |
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17 |
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153–160 |
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Animals |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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607 |
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