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Laaksonen, J.; Laaksonen, T.; Itämies, J.; Rytkönen, S.; Välimäki, P. |
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A new efficient bait-trap model for Lepidoptera surveys – the “ Oulu †model. |
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2006 |
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Entomologica Fennica |
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17 |
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153–160 |
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Animals |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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607 |
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Shirkey, R. C. |
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Title |
A Model for Nighttime Urban Illumination |
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2006 |
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Skyglow |
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The Army increasingly relies on night operations to accomplish its objectives. These night operations frequently require using Night Vision Goggles and other light-sensitive devices which are strongly affected by ambient lighting, a large component of which is urban. An urban illumination model is proposed for use in tactical decision aids and wargames which would allow for more accurate prediction of target acquisition ranges and increased realism in simulations. This model will build on previous research that predicts broadband brightness as a function of population and distance from the city center. Since city population and aerosols affect light distributions, the model is being extended and generalized for multiple city types and natural and man-made aerosols. An overview of the model along with future improvements will be presented. |
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ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DIRECTORATE |
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ADA497505 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1977 |
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Coffin, D. |
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Dave Coffinś DCRAW. |
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2006 |
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Remote Sensing |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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916 |
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Miller, M.W. |
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Title |
Apparent Effects of Light Pollution on Singing Behavior of American Robins |
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2006 |
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The Condor |
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Condor |
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108 |
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1 |
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130 |
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American Robin; birds; light pollution; morning chorus; dawn chorus; song; Turdus migratorius; animals; communication |
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Astronomers consider light pollution to be a growing problem, however few studies have addressed potential effects of light pollution on wildlife. Sunlight is believed to initiate song in many bird species. If light initiates song, then light pollution may be influencing avian song behavior at a population level. This hypothesis predicts that birds breeding in areas with large amounts of artificial light will begin singing earlier in the day than birds in areas with little artificial light. Birds in highly illuminated areas might begin singing earlier than did birds in those same areas in previous years when artificial light levels were known to be, or were presumably, lower. Also, birds should begin singing earlier within a site on brightly lit nights. In 2002 and 2003 I documented initiation of morning song by breeding American Robins (Turdus migratorius) in areas with differing intensity of artificial nocturnal light. I compared my observations among sites and against historical studies. Robin populations in areas with large amounts of artificial light frequently began their morning chorus during true night. Chorus initiation time, relative to civil twilight, was positively correlated with amount of artificial light present during true night. Robin choruses in areas with little, or presumably little, artificial light have almost never begun during true night, instead appearing to track the onset of civil twilight. Proliferation of artificial nocturnal light may be strongly affecting singing behavior of American Robins at a population level. |
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0010-5422 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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39 |
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Sella, K.N.; Salmon, M.; Witherington, B.E. |
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Filtered Streetlights Attract Hatchling Marine Turtles |
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2006 |
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Chelonian Conservation and Biology |
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Chelonian Conservation and Biology |
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5 |
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2 |
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255-261 |
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Reptilia; Testudines; Cheloniidae; Loggerhead turtle; turtles; marine turtles; reptiles; Caretta caretta; Chelonia mydas; hatchlings; artificial lighting; light “trappingâ€; orientation; seafinding; Florida |
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On many nesting beaches, hatchling marine turtles are exposed to poled street lighting that disrupts their ability to crawl to the sea. Experiments were done to determine how hatchlings responded to street lighting transmitted through 2 filters that excluded the most disruptive wavelengths (those < 530 nm; those < 570 nm). Filtered lighting, however, also attracted the turtles though not as strongly as an unfiltered (high-pressure sodium vapor) lighting. Filtering is therefore of limited utility for light management, especially since other alternatives (such as lowering, shielding, or turning off unnecessary lighting; use of dimmer lights embedded in roadways) are more effective. |
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1071-8443 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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78 |
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