| Records |
Author  |
Kuechly, H.; Kyba, C.; Hölker, F. |
| Title |
Woher kommt das Licht? Räumliche Betrachtung der Lichtverschmutzung |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
In: Held, M., Hölker, F. & Jessel, B. (2013) Schutz der Nacht – Lichtverschmutzung, Biodiversität und Nachtlandschaft. – BfN-Skripten |
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336 |
Issue |
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Pages |
39-42 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
In der Nacht ist die künstliche Beleuchtung eines der deutlichsten Kennzeichen für menschliche Aktivität auf der Erde. Wie bei vielen anderen anthropogenen Umweltveränderungen sind auch bei der künstlichen Beleuchtung die unmittelbaren Vorteile weit offensichtlicher als ihre unerwünschten Nebenwirkungen. Auch wenn über ein Drittel der Menschen in Deutschland die Milchstraße noch nie mit eigenen Augen gesehen hat (Emnid & PM Magazin 2002), sind sich nur wenige der Nachteile der künstlichen Beleuchtung bewusst. Daher verwundert es nicht, dass trotz energieeffizienterer Technologien die Kosten für die künstliche Beleuchtung nicht zurückgegangen sind–vielmehr werden heute immer mehr Straßen und Wege, Gärten und Gebäude beleuchtet.
Aber woher kommt das Licht genau? Lichtquellen und Lichtintensitäten, die Verteilung und die zeitliche Veränderung von Lichtemissionen lassen sich sehr gut mittels räumlicher Datenerhebung identifizieren, darstellen und analysieren. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen kurzen Überblick über die Verfahren und diskutiert Möglichkeiten zur Quantifizierung von Lichtverschmutzung. |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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898 |
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Kuhn, L.; Johansson, M.; Laike, T.; Goven, T. |
| Title |
Residents' perceptions following retrofitting of residential area outdoor lighting with LEDs |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Lighting Research and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research and Technology |
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45 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
568-584 |
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*Lighting; outdoor lighting; LED; light emitting diode; lighting levels; public opinion |
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The use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) in outdoor lighting has energy-saving potential, but users’ responses to this light source are largely unknown. An intervention study in two residential areas compared conventional lighting installations (high pressure sodium in Area 1 and high pressure mercury in Area 2) to a retrofitted LED-alternative regarding residents’ perceptions of quality of light, visual accessibility and danger. Moreover, energy use was calculated. Residents’ (N = 60) visual accessibility improved and perceived danger remained low in both areas after retrofitting. In Area 2 the perceived quality of light increased, whereas in Area 1 the results were mixed. The retrofitted application reduced energy use by 41–76% and might be a feasible alternative to conventional outdoor lighting in relatively safe areas. |
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Environmental Psychology, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Lund University, Lund, Sweden |
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1477-1535 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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280 |
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Kyba, C.C.M.; Hölker, F. |
| Title |
Do artificially illuminated skies affect biodiversity in nocturnal landscapes? |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Landscape Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Landscape Ecol |
| Volume |
28 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1637-1640 |
| Keywords |
skyglow; light pollution; biodiversity |
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The skyglow from cities at night is one of the most dramatic modifications that humans have made to Earth’s biosphere, and it is increasingly extending into nocturnal landscapes (nightscapes) far beyond urban areas. This scattered light is dim and homogenous compared to a lit street, but can be bright compared to natural celestial light sources, such as stars. Because of the large area of Earth affected by artificial skyglow, it is essential to verify whether skyglow is a selective pressure in nocturnal landscapes. We propose two scientific approaches that could examine whether skyglow affects biodiversity. |
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0921-2973 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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35 |
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Kyba, C.C.M.; Ruhtz, T.; Lindemann, C.; Fischer, J.; Hölker, F. |
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Two camera system for measurement of urban uplight angular distribution |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
AIP Conf. Proc |
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1531 |
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568 |
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Instrumentiation |
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The angular distribution function of light emitted from cities is unknown, and represents the most important systematic error in skyglow simulations. We describe a method for measuring this distribution using a two camera system mounted on an aerial platform. We present preliminary results from a test flight using such a system, taken over the city of Berlin on July 14, 2011. |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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467 |
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Kyba, C.C.M.; Wagner, J.M.; Kuechly, H.U.; Walker, C.E.; Elvidge, C.D.; Falchi, F.; Ruhtz, T.; Fischer, J.; Hölker, F. |
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Citizen science provides valuable data for monitoring global night sky luminance |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
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Sci Rep |
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3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1835 |
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The skyglow produced by artificial lights at night is one of the most dramatic anthropogenic modifications of Earth's biosphere. The GLOBE at Night citizen science project allows individual observers to quantify skyglow using star maps showing different levels of light pollution. We show that aggregated GLOBE at Night data depend strongly on artificial skyglow, and could be used to track lighting changes worldwide. Naked eye time series can be expected to be very stable, due to the slow pace of human eye evolution. The standard deviation of an individual GLOBE at Night observation is found to be 1.2 stellar magnitudes. Zenith skyglow estimates from the “First World Atlas of Artificial Night Sky Brightness” are tested using a subset of the GLOBE at Night data. Although we find the World Atlas overestimates sky brightness in the very center of large cities, its predictions for Milky Way visibility are accurate. |
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Institute for Space Sciences, Freie Universitat Berlin, Berlin, Germany. christopher.kyba@wew.fu-berlin.de |
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English |
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2045-2322 |
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PMID:23677222; PMCID:PMC3655480 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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13 |
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