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| Author |
Femia, N.; Fortunato, M.; Vitelli, M. |
| Title |
Light-to-Light: PV-Fed LED Lighting Systems |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Trans. Power Electron. |
| Volume |
28 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
4063-4073 |
| Keywords |
light-to-light systems; outdoor lighting; lighting technology; LED; LED lighting; photovoltaics; PV |
| Abstract |
This paper discusses the principle of operation, dynamic modeling, and control design for light-to-light (LtL) systems, whose aim is to directly convert the sun irradiation into artificial light. The system discussed in this paper is composed by a photovoltaic (PV) panel, an LED array, a dc-dc converter dedicated to the maximum power point tracking of the PV panel and a dc-dc converter dedicated to drive the LEDs array. A system controller is also included, whose goal is to ensure the matching between the maximum available PV power and the LED power by means of a low-frequency LEDs dimming. An experimental design example is discussed to illustrate the functionalities of the LtL system. |
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Dipt. di Ing. Elettron. e Ing. Inf., Univ. of Salerno, Salerno, Italy |
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0885-8993 |
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331 |
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| Author |
Schnitt, S.; Ruhtz, T.; Fischer, J.; Hölker, F.; Kyba, C.C.M. |
| Title |
Temperature stability of the sky quality meter |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sensors (Basel) |
| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
12166-12174 |
| Keywords |
*Artifacts; Atmosphere/*analysis; Environmental Monitoring/*instrumentation; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Photometry/*instrumentation; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Temperature; *Transducers; Sky Quality Meter; SQM |
| Abstract |
The stability of radiance measurements taken by the Sky Quality Meter (SQM)was tested under rapidly changing temperature conditions during exposure to a stable light field in the laboratory. The reported radiance was found to be negatively correlated with temperature, but remained within 7% of the initial reported radiance over a temperature range of -15 degrees C to 35 degrees C, and during temperature changes of -33 degrees C/h and +70 degrees C/h.This is smaller than the manufacturer's quoted unit-to-unit systematic uncertainty of 10%,indicating that the temperature compensation of the SQM is adequate under expected outdoor operating conditions. |
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Institute for Space Sciences, Freie Universitat Berlin, Carl-Heinrich-Becker-Weg 6-10, Berlin 12165, Germany. christopher.kyba@wew.fu-berlin.de |
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English |
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1424-8220 |
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PMID:24030682; PMCID:PMC3821345 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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194 |
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Baugh, K.; Hsu, F.-C.; Elvidge, C.D.; Zhizhin, M. |
| Title |
Nighttime Lights Compositing Using the VIIRS Day-Night Band: Preliminary Results |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Advanced Network |
Abbreviated Journal |
APAN Proceedings |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
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Pages |
70 |
| Keywords |
remote sensing; light pollution; VIIRS; satellite; radiometry |
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Dramatically improved nighttime lights capabilities are presented by the launch of the National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day Night Band (DNB) sensor. Building on 18 years of experience compositing nighttime data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS), NOAA’s NGDC Earth Observation Group has started adapting their algorithms to process these new data. The concept of compositing nighttime data comprises combining only high quality data components over a period of time to improve sensitivity and coverage. For this work, flag image are compiled to describe image quality. The flag categories include: daytime, twilight, stray light, lunar illuminance, noisy edge of scan data, clouds, and no data. High quality data is defined as not having any of these attributes present. Two methods of reprojection are necessary due to data collection characteristics. Custom algorithms have been created to terrain-correct and reproject all data to a common 15 arc second grid. Results of compositing over two time periods in 2012 are presented to demonstrate data quality and initial capabilities. These data can be downloaded at http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/eog/viirs/downloadviirsntl.html. |
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2227-3026 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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197 |
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Elvidge, C.D.; Baugh, K.E.; Zhizhin, M.; Hsu, F.-C. |
| Title |
Why VIIRS data are superior to DMSP for mapping nighttime lights |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the Asia-Pacific Advanced Network |
Abbreviated Journal |
APAN Proceedings |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
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Pages |
62 |
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For more than forty years the U.S. Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS) has been the only satellite system collecting global low-light imaging data. A series of twenty-four DMSP satellites have collected low-light imaging data. The design of the OLS has not changed significantly since satellite F-4 flew in the late 1970’s and OLS data have relatively coarse spatial resolution, limited dynamic range, and lack in-flight calibration. In 2011 NASA and NOAA launched the Suomi National Polar Partnership (SNPP) satellite carrying the first Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument. The VIIRS collects low light imaging data and has several improvements over the OLS’ capabilities. In this paper we contrast the nighttime low light imaging collection capabilities of these two systems and compare their data products. |
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2227-3026 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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198 |
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| Author |
Elvidge, C.; Zhizhin, M.; Hsu, F.-C.; Baugh, K. |
| Title |
VIIRS Nightfire: Satellite Pyrometry at Night |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
Remote Sensing |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
4423-4449 |
| Keywords |
SNPP; VIIRS; fire detection; gas flaring; biomass burning; fossil fuel carbon emissions |
| Abstract |
The Nightfire algorithm detects and characterizes sub-pixel hot sources using multispectral data collected globally, each night, by the Suomi National Polar Partnership (NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). The spectral bands utilized span visible, near-infrared (NIR), short-wave infrared (SWIR), and mid-wave infrared (MWIR). The primary detection band is in the SWIR, centered at 1.6 μm. Without solar input, the SWIR spectral band records sensor noise, punctuated by high radiant emissions associated with gas flares, biomass burning, volcanoes, and industrial sites such as steel mills. Planck curve fitting of the hot source radiances yields temperature (K) and emission scaling factor (ESF). Additional calculations are done to estimate source size (m2), radiant heat intensity (W/m2), and radiant heat (MW). Use of the sensor noise limited M7, M8, and M10 spectral bands at night reduce scene background effects, which are widely reported for fire algorithms based on MWIR and long-wave infrared. High atmospheric transmissivity in the M10 spectral band reduces atmospheric effects on temperature and radiant heat retrievals. Nightfire retrieved temperature estimates for sub-pixel hot sources ranging from 600 to 6,000 K. An intercomparison study of biomass burning in Sumatra from June 2013 found Nightfire radiant heat (MW) to be highly correlated to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) Fire Radiative Power (MW). |
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Earth Observation Group, NOAA National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, CO 80305, USA |
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2072-4292 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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199 |
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