| Records |
| Author |
Saldaña-Vázquez, R.A.; MunguÃa-Rosas, M.A. |
| Title |
Lunar phobia in bats and its ecological correlates: A meta-analysis |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Mammalian Biology – Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde |
Abbreviated Journal |
Mammalian Biology – Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde |
| Volume |
78 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
216-219 |
| Keywords |
Chiroptera; Foraging activity; Foraging habitat; Latitude; Moonlight; mammals; bats; animals |
| Abstract |
Animals show several behavioral strategies to reduce predation risks. Presumably, moonlight avoidance is a strategy used by some nocturnal species to reduce the risk of predation. In bats, some research indicates that foraging activity is negatively correlated with moonlight intensity, a phenomenon better known as lunar phobia. However, the currently available evidence is contradictory because some bat species reduce their activity during nights with more moonlight while the opposite occurs in other species. We quantitatively evaluated the strength and direction of the relationship between moonlight intensity and bat activity using a meta-analysis. We also looked at some ecological correlates of lunar phobia in bats. Specifically, we examined foraging habitat and latitude as potential moderators of the size of the lunar phobia effect. Our results show that, regardless of the method used to evaluate bat activity, the overall relationship between moonlight intensity and bat activity is significant and negative (r = −0.22). Species foraging on the surface of the water (piscivores and insectivores; r = −0.83) and forest canopy species (i.e., big frugivores; r = −0.30) are more affected by moonlight than those with different foraging habitats (understory, subcanopy, open air). Latitude was positively correlated with lunar phobia (r = 0.023). The stronger lunar phobia for bats foraging on the water surface and in the forest canopy may suggest that the risk of predation is greater where moonlight penetrates more easily. The significant effect of latitude as a moderator of lunar phobia suggests that there is a weak geographic pattern, with this phobia slightly more common in tropical bats than in temperate species. |
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1616-5047 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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97 |
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Cao, C.; Shao, X.; Uprety, S. |
| Title |
Detecting Light Outages After Severe Storms Using the S-NPP/VIIRS Day/Night Band Radiances |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Geosci. Remote Sensing Lett. |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1582-1586 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
Power outages after a major storm affect the lives of millions of people and cause massive light outages. The launch of the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite with the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) significantly enhances our capability to monitor and detect light outages with the well-calibrated day/night band (DNB) and to use light loss signatures as indication of regional power outages. This study explores the use of the DNB in quantifying light outages due to the derecho storm in the Washington DC metropolitan area in June 2012 and Hurricane Sandy at the end of October 2012 on the East Coast of U.S. The results show that the DNB data are very useful in detecting power outages by quantifying light loss, but it also has some challenges due to clouds, lunar illumination, and straylight effect. Comparison of light outage and recovery trend determined from DNB data with power company survey shows reasonable agreement, demonstrating the usefulness of DNB in independently verifying and complementing the statistics from power companies. |
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1545-598X |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2040 |
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Dukic, T.; Ahlstrom, C.; Patten, C.; Kettwich, C.; Kircher, K. |
| Title |
Effects of electronic billboards on driver distraction |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Traffic Injury Prevention |
Abbreviated Journal |
Traffic Inj Prev |
| Volume |
14 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
469-476 |
| Keywords |
Adult; Advertising as Topic/*methods; *Attention; Automobile Driving/*psychology; Eye Movements; Humans; Middle Aged; Psychomotor Performance; Sweden; Time Factors |
| Abstract |
OBJECTIVE: There is an increase in electronic advertising billboards along major roads, which may cause driver distraction due to the highly conspicuous design of the electronic billboards. Yet limited research on the impact of electronic billboards on driving performance and driver behavior is available. The Swedish Transport Administration recently approved the installation of 12 electronic billboards for a trial period along a 3-lane motorway with heavy traffic running through central Stockholm, Sweden. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of these electronic billboards on visual behavior and driving performance. METHOD: A total of 41 drivers were recruited to drive an instrumented vehicle passing 4 of the electronic billboards during day and night conditions. A driver was considered visually distracted when looking at a billboard continuously for more than 2 s or if the driver looked away from the road for a high percentage of time. Dependent variables were eye-tracking measures and driving performance measures. RESULTS: The visual behavior data showed that drivers had a significantly longer dwell time, a greater number of fixations, and longer maximum fixation duration when driving past an electronic billboard compared to other signs on the same road stretches. No differences were found for the factors day/night, and no effect was found for the driving behavior data. CONCLUSION: Electronic billboards have an effect on gaze behavior by attracting more and longer glances than regular traffic signs. Whether the electronic billboards attract too much attention and constitute a traffic safety hazard cannot be answered conclusively based on the present data. |
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Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Linkoping, Sweden. tania.dukic@vti.se |
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English |
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1538-9588 |
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PMID:23682577 |
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no |
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IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
247 |
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Kuhn, L.; Johansson, M.; Laike, T.; Goven, T. |
| Title |
Residents' perceptions following retrofitting of residential area outdoor lighting with LEDs |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Lighting Research and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research and Technology |
| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
568-584 |
| Keywords |
*Lighting; outdoor lighting; LED; light emitting diode; lighting levels; public opinion |
| Abstract |
The use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) in outdoor lighting has energy-saving potential, but users’ responses to this light source are largely unknown. An intervention study in two residential areas compared conventional lighting installations (high pressure sodium in Area 1 and high pressure mercury in Area 2) to a retrofitted LED-alternative regarding residents’ perceptions of quality of light, visual accessibility and danger. Moreover, energy use was calculated. Residents’ (N = 60) visual accessibility improved and perceived danger remained low in both areas after retrofitting. In Area 2 the perceived quality of light increased, whereas in Area 1 the results were mixed. The retrofitted application reduced energy use by 41–76% and might be a feasible alternative to conventional outdoor lighting in relatively safe areas. |
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Environmental Psychology, Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Lund University, Lund, Sweden |
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1477-1535 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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280 |
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Gil-de-Castro, A.; Moreno-Munoz, A.; Larsson, A.; de la Rosa, J.; Bollen, M. |
| Title |
LED street lighting: A power quality comparison among street light technologies |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Lighting Research and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research and Technology |
| Volume |
45 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
710-728 |
| Keywords |
LED; LED lighting; high-pressure sodium; HPS; outdoor lighting; lighting technology |
| Abstract |
High-pressure sodium lamps are currently the main lamps used in public lighting. However, the possibility of using high-power light emitting diode (LEDs) for street lighting is growing continuously due to their greater energy efficiency, robustness, long life and light control. The aim of this paper is to study the power quality of high-power lighting networks based on LED and high-pressure sodium lamps. Both electromagnetic and dimmable electronic ballasts, which can dim the lamp output smoothly and uniformly, have been used connected to high-pressure sodium lamps. High-pressure sodium lamps connected to electronic equipment have been tested with different arc power levels using dimming on a 230 V power supply. The study presented in this paper is completely based on measurements, including harmonic currents in the frequency range up to 150 kHz for all the technologies. The main results show a broadband spectrum in LED lamps which confirms other research in fluorescent lamps powered by high-frequency ballasts. Results also indicate a decrease in the harmonic value with increasing harmonic order, and a decrease in the harmonic value at half load (60%) compared with full load (100%). Although total harmonic distortion of the current is lower with high-pressure sodium lamps connected to electronic rather than electromagnetic ballasts, LED lamps achieved the lowest total harmonic distortion of current. |
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Department of Computer Architecture, Electronics and Electronic Technology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain |
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1477-1535 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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333 |
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