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Wilhelm, S.I.; Schau, J.J.; Schau, E.; Dooley, S.M.; Wiseman, D.L.; Hogan, H.A. |
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Title |
Atlantic Puffins are Attracted to Coastal Communities in Eastern Newfoundland |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Northeastern Naturalist |
Abbreviated Journal |
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20 |
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4 |
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624-630 |
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Animals |
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Abstract |
The Puffin Patrol is a volunteer-based group that rescues fledgling Fratercula arctica (Atlantic Puffin) stranded in coastal communities overlooking the Witless Bay Seabird Ecological Reserve in Newfoundland, Canada, which hosts the two largest Atlantic Puffin colonies in North America. We examine local environmental factors (visibility, moon phase) that may influence light attraction in Atlantic Puffins and explore the use of weight data and other information collected through this volunteer-based initiative to help monitor the health of this important population. In 2011, only 13 live Atlantic Puffins were captured despite nightly search efforts throughout the fledging period; this low capture rate was attributed to poor breeding success at the colony. In contrast, in 2012, 414 live fledgling puffins were captured and successfully released between 6 August and 5 September; 388 of these were banded and weighed prior to release. Capture rates on nights with poor visibility due to fog (26 fledglings per night) were similar to fogless nights (24 fledglings per night). Most live Atlantic Puffins were captured within a two-week period around the new moon. Fledglings weighed 248 ± 25 (SD) g, range = 160–315 g; weights significantly declined over the fledging period. In addition to the direct conservation benefits of saving grounded Atlantic Puffins, information collected through this volunteer-based initiative 1) provides insight on factors affecting Atlantic Puffins' attraction to coastal communities, 2) shows the importance of mitigating artificial light during the birds' fledging period within these developing communities, and 3) helps collect important demographic information without causing additional disturbance to the colonies. |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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384 |
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Bedrosian, T.A.; Weil, Z.M.; Nelson, R.J. |
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Chronic dim light at night provokes reversible depression-like phenotype: possible role for TNF |
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2013 |
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Molecular Psychiatry |
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18 |
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930-936 |
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Animals |
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The prevalence of major depression has increased in recent decades and women are twice as likely as men to develop the disorder. Recent environmental changes almost certainly have a role in this phenomenon, but a complete set of contributors remains unspecified. Exposure to artificial light at night (LAN) has surged in prevalence during the past 50 years, coinciding with rising rates of depression. Chronic exposure to LAN is linked to increased risk of breast cancer, obesity and mood disorders, although the relationship to mood is not well characterized. In this study, we investigated the effects of chronic exposure to 5 lux LAN on depression-like behaviors in female hamsters. Using this model, we also characterized hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression and hippocampal dendritic morphology, and investigated the reversibility of these changes 1, 2 or 4 weeks following elimination of LAN. Furthermore, we explored the mechanism of action, focusing on hippocampal proinflammatory cytokines given their dual role in synaptic plasticity and the pathogenesis of depression. Using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, we identified a reversible increase in hippocampal tumor necrosis factor (TNF), but not interleukin-1β, mRNA expression in hamsters exposed to LAN. Direct intracerebroventricular infusion of a dominant-negative inhibitor of soluble TNF, XPro1595, prevented the development of depression-like behavior under LAN, but had no effect on dendritic spine density in the hippocampus. These results indicate a partial role for TNF in the reversible depression-like phenotype observed under chronic dim LAN. Recent environmental changes, such as LAN exposure, may warrant more attention as possible contributors to rising rates of mood disorders. |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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386 |
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Forbes, C.; Hammill, E. |
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Fear in the dark? Community-level effects of non-lethal predators change with light regime |
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2013 |
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Oikos |
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Oikos |
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122 |
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12 |
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1662-1668 |
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0030-1299 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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597 |
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Nimkingrat, P.; Khanam, S.; Strauch, O.; Ehlers, R.-U. |
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Hybridisation and selective breeding for improvement of low temperature activity of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae |
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2013 |
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BioControl |
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BioControl |
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58 |
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3 |
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417-426 |
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1386-6141 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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611 |
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Taylor, P.; Nimkingrat, P.; Strauch, O.; Ehlers, R.; Kiel, C. |
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Biocontrol Science and Technology Hybridisation and genetic selection for improving desiccation tolerance of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae |
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2013 |
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37–41 |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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622 |
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