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| Author |
Ringwald, R.; Rönitzsch, H.; Riedel, M. |
| Title |
Praxishandbuch Öffentliche Beleuchtung – Wirtschaftlichkeit, Recht, Technik |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
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1. Aufl. DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V., hrsg., Berlin Wien Zürich: Beuth Verlags GmbH. |
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Lighting |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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1058 |
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Marquenie, J.M.; Donners, M.; Poot, H.; Steckel W.; de Witt, B. |
| Title |
Bird-Friendly Light Sources: Adapting the Spectral Composition of Artificial Lighting |
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Magazine Article |
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2013 |
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IEEE Industry Application Magazine |
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56-62 |
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LoNNe @ schroer @ |
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1088 |
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Shapira, I.; Walker, E.; Brunton, D.H.; Raubenheimer, D. |
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Responses to direct versus indirect cues of predation and competition in naϊve invasive mice: implications for management |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
New Zealand Journal of Ecology |
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NZ J. of Ecol. |
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37 |
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1 |
Pages |
33-40 |
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Animals; Mus musculus; mice; New Zealand; foraging; moonlight; giving-up density; GUD; moon phase |
| Abstract |
Many populations of invasive mice Mus musculus in New Zealand have experienced the removal of mammalian predators and competitors, with the consequence of mouse population irruptions. The effects of these removals on mouse foraging are largely unknown, yet this information is essential for developing and implementing better mouse control. We investigated the effects of direct and indirect predatory cues on foraging of free-ranging mice at a site where mammalian predators were eradicated 5 years previously. We used 17 stations, each containing four trays of millet seeds mixed thoroughly in sand, with three unfamiliar mammalian (a predator, a competitor, and a herbivore) odour treatments and a control (water), during the four phases of the moon. We measured mouse selectivity for treatment/control trays, giving-up densities (GUDs, a measure of food consumption), and tray encounter rates. Foraging by mice was not affected by odour cues from any of the unfamiliar mammals. Moonlight intensity, however, affected mouse foraging, with higher GUDs being recorded on brighter moon phases (full and waxing > new and waning) during the first night of the trials. This effect was less pronounced during the second night. Resource encounter rates were also affected, with the proportion of trays foraged lower during the brighter phases of the moon on both the first and second nights. We suggest that coordinating management efforts according to the phases of the moon has the potential to improve mouse control and reduce bait wastage. |
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01106465 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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1364 |
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Jones, A.; Noll, S.; Kausch, W.; Szyszka, C.; Kimeswenger, S. |
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An advanced scattered moonlight model for Cerro Paranal |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
Publication |
Astronomy & Astrophysics |
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A&A |
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560 |
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A91 |
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Moonlight |
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The largest natural source of light at night is the Moon, and it is the major contributor to the astronomical sky background. Being able to accurately predict the sky background, including scattered moonlight is important for scheduling astronomical observations. We have developed an improved scattered moonlight model, in which the components are computed with a better physical understanding as opposed to the simple empirical fit in the frequently used photometric model of Krisciunas & Schaefer (1991, PASP, 103, 1033). Our spectroscopic model can better trace the spectral trends of scattered moonlight for any position of the Moon and target observation. This is the first scattered moonlight model that we know of which is this physical and versatile. We have incorporated an observed solar spectrum, accurate lunar albedo fit, and elaborate scattering and absorption calculations that include scattering off of molecules and aerosols. It was designed for Cerro Paranal, but can be modified for any location with known atmospheric properties. Throughout the optical range, the uncertainty is less than 20%. This advanced scattered moonlight model can predict the amount of scattered moonlight for any given geometry of the Moon and target, and lunar phase for the entire optical spectrum. |
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0004-6361 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1461 |
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Brainard, G.C.; Coyle, W.; Ayers, M.; Kemp, J.; Warfield, B.; Maida, J.; Bowen, C.; Bernecker, C.; Lockley, S.W.; Hanifin, J.P. |
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Solid-state lighting for the International Space Station: Tests of visual performance and melatonin regulation |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Acta Astronautica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Astronautica |
| Volume |
92 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
21-28 |
| Keywords |
Human Health; Lighting |
| Abstract |
The International Space Station (ISS) uses General Luminaire Assemblies (GLAs) that house fluorescent lamps for illuminating the astronauts' working and living environments. Solid-state light emitting diodes (LEDs) are attractive candidates for replacing the GLAs on the ISS. The advantages of LEDs over conventional fluorescent light sources include lower up-mass, power consumption and heat generation, as well as fewer toxic materials, greater resistance to damage and long lamp life. A prototype Solid-State Lighting Assembly (SSLA) was developed and successfully installed on the ISS. The broad aim of the ongoing work is to test light emitted by prototype SSLAs for supporting astronaut vision and assessing neuroendocrine, circadian, neurobehavioral and sleep effects. Three completed ground-based studies are presented here including experiments on visual performance, color discrimination, and acute plasma melatonin suppression in cohorts of healthy, human subjects under different SSLA light exposure conditions within a high-fidelity replica of the ISS Crew Quarters (CQ). All visual tests were done under indirect daylight at 201 lx, fluorescent room light at 531 lx and 4870 K SSLA light in the CQ at 1266 lx. Visual performance was assessed with numerical verification tests (NVT). NVT data show that there are no significant differences in score (F=0.73, p=0.48) or time (F=0.14, p=0.87) for subjects performing five contrast tests (10%–100%). Color discrimination was assessed with Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue tests (FM-100). The FM-100 data showed no significant differences (F=0.01, p=0.99) in color discrimination for indirect daylight, fluorescent room light and 4870 K SSLA light in the CQ. Plasma melatonin suppression data show that there are significant differences (F=29.61, p<0.0001) across the percent change scores of plasma melatonin for five corneal irradiances, ranging from 0 to 405 μW/cm2 of 4870 K SSLA light in the CQ (0–1270 lx). Risk factors for the health and safety of astronauts include disturbed circadian rhythms and altered sleep–wake patterns. These studies will help determine if SSLA lighting can be used both to support astronaut vision and serve as an in-flight countermeasure for circadian desynchrony, sleep disruption and cognitive performance deficits on the ISS. |
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0094-5765 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1533 |
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