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Nowinszky, L. |
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Title |
Light-trap Catch of Harmful Microlepidoptera Species in Connection with Polarized Moonlight and Collecting Distance |
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2013 |
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Journal of Advanced Laboratory Research in Biology |
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4 |
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4 |
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108-117 |
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Keywords |
Animals |
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Abstract |
The paper deals with light-trap catch of 25 Microlepidoptera species depending on the polarized moonlight and
collecting distance. The catching data were chosen from the 27 stations of the Hungarian National Light-trap Network and
from the years between 1959 and 1961. Relative catch values were calculated from the catching data per stations and
swarming. They are ranged and averaged in the phase angle divisions. The catching peak of ten species is in First Quarter,
another ten species have the peak in the First Quarter and Last one, and only in two cases the peak is in Last Quarter. Then
there is the maximum ratio of polarized moonlight. Catching peak of only three species is in connection with the collecting
distance when is the greatest of collection distance.
Keywords: Microlepidoptera, light-trap moon phases, polarized moonlight, catching distance. |
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LoNNe @ christopher.kyba @ |
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381 |
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Author |
Lewanzik, D.; Voigt, C.C. |
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Title |
Lichtverschmutzung und die Folgen für Fledermäuse |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
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In: Held, M., Hölker, F. & Jessel, B. (2013) Schutz der Nacht – Lichtverschmutzung, Biodiversität und Nachtlandschaft. – BfN-Skripten |
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336 |
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65-68 |
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Animals |
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German |
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LoNNe @ kagoburian @ |
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685 |
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Dominoni, D.M.; Quetting, M.; Partecke, J. |
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Title |
Long-term effects of chronic light pollution on seasonal functions of European blackbirds (Turdus merula) |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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PloS one |
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PLoS One |
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8 |
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12 |
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e85069 |
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Turdus merula; European blackbird; birds; animals; Reproduction |
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Light pollution is known to affect important biological functions of wild animals, including daily and annual cycles. However, knowledge about long-term effects of chronic exposure to artificial light at night is still very limited. Here we present data on reproductive physiology, molt and locomotor activity during two-year cycles of European blackbirds (Turdus merula) exposed to either dark nights or 0.3 lux at night. As expected, control birds kept under dark nights exhibited two regular testicular and testosterone cycles during the two-year experiment. Control urban birds developed testes faster than their control rural conspecifics. Conversely, while in the first year blackbirds exposed to light at night showed a normal but earlier gonadal cycle compared to control birds, during the second year the reproductive system did not develop at all: both testicular size and testosterone concentration were at baseline levels in all birds. In addition, molt sequence in light-treated birds was more irregular than in control birds in both years. Analysis of locomotor activity showed that birds were still synchronized to the underlying light-dark cycle. We suggest that the lack of reproductive activity and irregular molt progression were possibly the results of i) birds being stuck in a photorefractory state and/or ii) chronic stress. Our data show that chronic low intensities of light at night can dramatically affect the reproductive system. Future studies are needed in order to investigate if and how urban animals avoid such negative impact and to elucidate the physiological mechanisms behind these profound long-term effects of artificial light at night. Finally we call for collaboration between scientists and policy makers to limit the impact of light pollution on animals and ecosystems. |
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Department of Migration and Immuno-ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Radolfzell, Germany ; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany |
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1932-6203 |
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PMID:24376865; PMCID:PMC3869906 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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49 |
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Kamrowski, R.L.; Limpus, C.; Jones, R.; Anderson, S.; Hamann, M. |
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Title |
Temporal changes in artificial light exposure of marine turtle nesting areas |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Global Change Biology |
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Glob Chang Biol |
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20 |
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8 |
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2437-2449 |
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Keywords |
GIS analysis; artificial light; conservation planning; marine turtles; population resilience; temporal change |
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Artificial light at night poses a significant threat to multiple taxa across the globe. In coastal regions, artificial lighting close to marine turtle nesting beaches is disruptive to their breeding success. Prioritizing effective management of light pollution requires an understanding of how the light exposure of nesting areas changes over time in response to changing temporal and spatial distributions of coastal development. We analyzed multitemporal, satellite night-light data, in combination with linear mixed model analysis, to determine broadscale changes in artificial light exposure at Australian marine turtle nesting areas between 1993 and 2010. We found seven marine turtle management units (MU), from five species, have experienced significant increases in light exposure over time, with flatback turtles nesting in east Australia experiencing the fastest increases. The remaining 12 MUs showed no significant change in light exposure. Unchanging MUs included those previously identified as having high exposure to light pollution (located in western Australia and southern Queensland), indicating that turtles in these areas have been potentially exposed to high light levels since at least the early nineties. At a finer geographic scale (within-MU), nine MUs contained nesting areas with significant increases in light exposure. These nesting areas predominantly occurred close to heavily industrialized coastal areas, thus emphasizing the importance of rigorous light management in industry. Within all MUs, nesting areas existed where light levels were extremely low and/or had not significantly increased since 1993. With continued coastal development, nesting females may shift to these darker/unchanging 'buffer' areas in the future. This is valuable information that informs our understanding of the capacity and resilience of marine turtles faced with coastal development: an understanding that is essential for effective marine turtle conservation. |
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School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia |
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1354-1013 |
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PMID:24353164 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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73 |
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Author |
Warrant, E.J.; Johnsen, S. |
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Title |
Vision and the light environment |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Current Biology : CB |
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Curr Biol |
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23 |
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22 |
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R990-4 |
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Keywords |
photobiology; animals; physiology of vision; photodetection |
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Almost all animals, no matter how humble, possess eyes. Only those that live in total darkness, such as in a pitch-dark cave, may lack eyes entirely. Even at tremendous depths in the ocean — where the only lights that are ever seen are rare and fitful sparks of bioluminescence — most animals have eyes, and often surprisingly well-developed eyes. And despite their diversity (there are currently ten generally recognised optical types) all eyes have evolved in response to the remarkably varied light environments that are present in the habitats where animals live. Variations in the intensity of light, as well as in its direction, colour and dominant planes of polarisation, have all had dramatic effects on visual evolution. In the terrestrial habitats where we ourselves have most recently evolved, the light environment can vary quite markedly from day to night and from one location to another. In aquatic habitats, this variation can be orders of magnitude greater. Even though the ecologies and life histories of animals have played a major role in visual evolution, it is arguably the physical limitations imposed on photodetection by a given habitat and its light environment that have defined the basic selective pressures that have driven the evolution of eyes. |
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Department of Biology, University of Lund, Solvegatan 35, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: Eric.Warrant@biol.lu.se |
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0960-9822 |
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PMID:24262832 |
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IDA @ john @ |
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235 |
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