| Records |
| Author |
Hines, C.W.; Fang, Y.; Chan, V.K.S.; Stiller, K.T.; Brauner, C.J.; Richards, J.G. |
| Title |
The effect of salinity and photoperiod on thermal tolerance of Atlantic and coho salmon reared from smolt to adult in recirculating aquaculture systems |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol |
| Volume |
230 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-6 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Land-based, closed containment salmon aquaculture involves rearing salmon from smolt to adult in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Unlike in open-net pen aquaculture, rearing conditions can be specified in RAS in order to optimize growth and physiological stress tolerance. The environmental conditions that yield optimal stress tolerance in salmon are, however, unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we reared Atlantic (Salmo salar) and coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon in 7 separate RASs for 400days post-smoltification under 2 photoperiods (24:0 or 12:12, light:dark) and 4 salinities (2.5, 5, 10 or 30ppt.) and assessed the effects of these conditions on thermal tolerance. We found that over the first 120days post-smoltification, rearing coho under a 24:0 photoperiod resulted in a ~2 degrees C lower critical thermal maxima (CTmax) than in coho reared under a 12:12 photoperiod. This photoperiod effect did not persist at 200 and 400days, which was coincident with an overall decrease in CTmax in coho. Finally, Atlantic salmon had a higher CTmax (~28 degrees C) compared to coho (~26 degrees C) at 400days post-smoltification. Overall, these findings are important for the future implications of RAS and for the aquaculture industry to help identify physiologically sensitive time stages. |
| Address |
Department of Zoology, The University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada |
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| Language |
English |
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| ISSN |
1095-6433 |
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| Notes |
PMID:30590111 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2149 |
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| Author |
Boswell, W.T.; Boswell, M.; Walter, D.J.; Navarro, K.L.; Chang, J.; Lu, Y.; Savage, M.G.; Shen, J.; Walter, R.B. |
| Title |
Exposure to 4100K fluorescent light elicits sex specific transcriptional responses in Xiphophorus maculatus skin |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol |
| Volume |
208 |
Issue |
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Pages |
96-104 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
It has been reported that exposure to artificial light may affect oxygen intake, heart rate, absorption of vitamins and minerals, and behavioral responses in humans. We have reported specific gene expression responses in the skin of Xiphophorus fish after exposure to ultraviolet light (UV), as well as, both broad spectrum and narrow waveband visible light. In regard to fluorescent light (FL), we have shown that male X. maculatus exposed to 4100K FL (i.e. “cool white”) rapidly suppress transcription of many genes involved with DNA replication and repair, chromosomal segregation, and cell cycle progression in skin. We have also detailed sex specific transcriptional responses of Xiphophorus skin after exposure to UVB. However, investigation of gender differences in global gene expression response after exposure to 4100K FL has not been reported, despite common use of this FL source for residential, commercial, and animal facility illumination. Here, we compare RNASeq results analyzed to assess changes in the global transcription profiles of female and male X. maculatus skin in response to 4100K FL exposure. Our results suggest 4100K FL exposure incites a sex-biased genetic response including up-modulation of inflammation in females and down modulation of DNA repair/replication in males. In addition, we identify clusters of genes that become oppositely modulated in males and females after FL exposure that are principally involved in cell death and cell proliferation. |
| Address |
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA. Electronic address: RW12@txstate.edu |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1532-0456 |
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| Notes |
PMID:28965926 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
LoNNe @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1739 |
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Gonzalez, T.J.; Lu, Y.; Boswell, M.; Boswell, W.; Medrano, G.; Walter, S.; Ellis, S.; Savage, M.; Varga, Z.M.; Lawrence, C.; Sanders, G.; Walter, R.B. |
| Title |
Fluorescent light exposure incites acute and prolonged immune responses in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) skin |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP |
Abbreviated Journal |
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol |
| Volume |
208 |
Issue |
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Pages |
87-95 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Artificial light produces an emission spectrum that is considerably different than the solar spectrum. Artificial light has been shown to affect various behavior and physiological processes in vertebrates. However, there exists a paucity of data regarding the molecular genetic effects of artificial light exposure. Previous studies showed that one of the commonly used fluorescent light source (FL; 4100K or “cool white”) can affect signaling pathways related to maintenance of circadian rhythm, cell cycle progression, chromosome segregation, and DNA repair/recombination in the skin of male Xiphophorus maculatus. These observations raise questions concerning the kinetics of the FL induced gene expression response, and which biological functions become modulated at various times after light exposure. To address these questions, we exposed zebrafish to 4100K FL and utilized RNASeq to assess gene expression changes in skin at various times (1 to 12h) after FL exposure. We found 4100K FL incites a robust early (1-2h) transcriptional response, followed by a more protracted late response (i.e., 4-12h). The early transcriptional response involves genes associated with cell migration/infiltration and cell proliferation as part of an overall increase in immune function and inflammation. The protracted late transcriptional response occurs within gene sets predicted to maintain and perpetuate the inflammatory response, as well as suppression of lipid, xenobiotic, and melatonin metabolism. |
| Address |
Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 419 Centennial Hall, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA. Electronic address: RWalter@txstate.edu |
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English |
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1532-0456 |
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| Notes |
PMID:28965927 |
Approved |
no |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1740 |
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| Author |
Weisbuch, C. |
| Title |
Historical perspective on the physics of artificial lighting |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Comptes Rendus Physique |
Abbreviated Journal |
Comptes Rendus Physique |
| Volume |
19 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
89-112 |
| Keywords |
History; Lighting |
| Abstract |
We describe the evolution of lighting technologies used throughout the ages, and how the need for improvements was such that any new technology giving better and cheaper lighting was immediately implemented. Thus, every revolution in energy sources – gas, petrol electricity – was first put to large-scale use in lighting. We describe in some detail several “ancient” techniques of scientific interest, along with their physical limitations. Electroluminescence – the phenomenon by which LEDs directly convert electricity into light – was long thought to only be of use for indicators or flat panel displays supposed to replace the bulky cathode-ray tubes. The more recent uses of LEDs were mainly for street traffic lights, car indicators, small phone displays, followed by backlighting of TV screens. LED lamps for general lighting only emerged recently as the dominant application of LEDs thanks to dramatic decrease in cost, and continuous improvements of color quality and energy conversion efficiency. |
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1631-0705 |
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Approved |
no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1840 |
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| Author |
Stathakis, D.; Baltas, P. |
| Title |
Seasonal population estimates based on night-time lights |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Computers, Environment and Urban Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
Computers, Environment and Urban Systems |
| Volume |
68 |
Issue |
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Pages |
133-141 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
The objective of this paper is to present a method for estimating seasonally specific ambient population counts. The central assumption is that the variation in observed night-lights is a valid proxy for ambient population. Island populations are used for validation, where it is possible to derive estimates of ambient population from national statistics. The method is then applied to the whole of Greece. The validation shows a strong correlation amongst night-lights derived estimates and the reference dataset. Based on the proposed method, national maps are produced showing the month when seasonality is in its peak, the peak value during that month and the overall length of the season, in terms of how many months exceed a certain threshold. Different seasonality patterns are revealed. An advantage of the proposed method, compared to other contemporary approaches, is that it is based on public domain, global data. |
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0198-9715 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2177 |
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