| Records |
| Author |
Obayashi, K.; Saeki, K.; Kurumatani, N. |
| Title |
Bedroom Light Exposure at Night and the Incidence of Depressive Symptoms: A Longitudinal Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
American Journal of Epidemiology |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Am J Epidemiol |
| Volume |
187 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
427-434 |
| Keywords |
Human Health; Mental Health; indoor light; geriatrics; Sleep; Sleep Disorders |
| Abstract |
Previous studies have indicated that minimal exposure to light at night (LAN) increases depression risk, even at 5 lux, in nocturnal and diurnal mammals. Although such low-level LAN may affect human circadian physiology, the association between exposure to LAN and depressive symptoms remains uncertain. In the present study, bedroom light intensity was measured objectively, and depressive symptoms were assessed, during 2010-2014 in Nara, Japan. Of 863 participants (mean age = 71.5 years) who did not have depressive symptoms at baseline, 73 participants reported development of depressive symptoms during follow-up (median, 24 months). Compared with the “dark” group (average of <5 lux; n = 710), the LAN group (average of >/=5 lux; n = 153) exhibited a significantly higher depression risk (hazard ratio = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.13, 3.14), according to a Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and economic status. Further, the significance remained in a multivariable model adjusting for hypertension, diabetes, and sleep parameters (hazard ratio = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.89). Sensitivity analyses using bedroom light data with a cutoff value of >/=10 lux suggested consistent results. In conclusion, these results indicated that exposure to LAN in home settings was independently associated with subsequent depression risk in an elderly general population. |
| Address |
Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, 840 Shijocho, Kashiharashi, Nara 634-8521, Japan; e-mail: obayashi(at)naramed-u.ac.jp |
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| Publisher |
Oxford Academic |
Place of Publication |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0002-9262 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:28992236 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1815 |
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| Author |
Christie, S.; Vincent, A.D.; Li, H.; Frisby, C.L.; Kentish, S.J.; O'Rielly, R.; Wittert, G.A.; Page, A.J. |
| Title |
A rotating light cycle promotes weight gain and hepatic lipid storage in mice |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol |
| Volume |
in press |
Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Processes involved in regulation of energy balance and intermediary metabolism are aligned to the light-dark cycle. Shift-work and high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity disrupt circadian rhythmicity and are associated with increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to determine the effect of simulating shift work on hepatic lipid accumulation in lean and HFD-mice. C57BL/6 mice fed a standard laboratory diet (SLD) or HFD for 4wks were further allocated to a normal light (NL)-cycle (lights on:0600-1800hr) or rotating light (RL)-cycle (3-days NL and 4-days reversed (lights on:1800-0600hr) repeated) for 8wks. Tissue was collected every 3hrs beginning at 0600hr. HFD-mice gained more weight than SLD-mice, and RL-mice gained more weight than NL-mice. SLD-NL and HFD-NL mice, but not RL-mice, were more active, had higher respiratory quotients and consumed/expended more energy during the dark phase compared to the light phase. Blood glucose and plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were elevated in HFD and SLD-RL compared to SLD-NL mice. Hepatic glycogen was elevated in HFD compared to SLD-mice. Hepatic triglycerides were elevated in SLD-RL and HFD-mice compared to SLD-NL. Circadian rhythmicity of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA) mRNA was phase shifted in SLD-RL and HFD-NL and lost in HFD-RL mice. Hepatic ACACA protein was reduced in SLD-RL and HFD-mice compared to SLD-NL mice. Hepatic adipose triglyceride lipase was elevated in HFD-NL compared to SLD-NL but lower in RL-mice compared to NL-mice irrespective of diet. -Conclusion: A RL-cycle model of shift-work promotes weight gain and hepatic lipid storage even in lean conditions. |
| Address |
Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Australia |
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Place of Publication |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
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| ISSN |
0193-1857 |
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| Notes |
PMID:30188750 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2123 |
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| Author |
Navas Gonzalez, F.J.; Jordana Vidal, J.; Pizarro Inostroza, G.; Arando Arbulu, A.; Delgado Bermejo, J.V. |
| Title |
Can Donkey Behavior and Cognition Be Used to Trace Back, Explain, or Forecast Moon Cycle and Weather Events? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI |
Abbreviated Journal |
Animals (Basel) |
| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Moonlight; Animals |
| Abstract |
Donkeys have been reported to be highly sensitive to environmental changes. Their 8900-8400-year-old evolution process made them interact with diverse environmental situations that were very distant from their harsh origins. These changing situations not only affect donkeys' short-term behavior but may also determine their long-term cognitive skills from birth. Thus, animal behavior becomes a useful tool to obtain past, present or predict information from the environmental situation of a particular area. We performed an operant conditioning test on 300 donkeys to assess their response type, mood, response intensity, and learning capabilities, while we simultaneously registered 14 categorical environmental factors. We quantified the effect power of such environmental factors on donkey behavior and cognition. We used principal component analysis (CATPCA) to reduce the number of factors affecting each behavioral variable and built categorical regression (CATREG) equations to model for the effects of potential factor combinations. Effect power ranged from 7.9% for the birth season on learning (p < 0.05) to 38.8% for birth moon phase on mood (p < 0.001). CATPCA suggests the percentage of variance explained by a four-dimension-model (comprising the dimensions of response type, mood, response intensity and learning capabilities), is 75.9%. CATREG suggests environmental predictors explain 28.8% of the variability of response type, 37.0% of mood, and 37.5% of response intensity, and learning capabilities. |
| Address |
The Worldwide Donkey Breeds Project, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain. juanviagr218@gmail.com |
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English |
Summary Language |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2076-2615 |
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| Notes |
PMID:30463193 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2083 |
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| Author |
Grubisic, M.; Van Grunsven, R.H.A.; Kyba, C.C.M.; Manfrin, A.; Hölker, F. |
| Title |
Insect declines and agroecosystems: does light pollution matter? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Annals of Applied Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann. of Appl. Biol. |
| Volume |
173 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
180-189 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Ecology; Review |
| Abstract |
Drastic declines in insect populations, ‘Ecological Armageddon’, have recently gained increased attention in the scientific community, and are commonly considered to be the consequence of large‐scale factors such as land‐use changes, use of pesticides, climate change and habitat fragmentation. Artificial light at night (ALAN), a pervasive global change that strongly impacts insects, remains, however, infrequently recognised as a potential contributor to the observed declines. Here, we provide a summary of recent evidence of impacts of ALAN on insects and discuss how these impacts can drive declines in insect populations in light‐polluted areas. ALAN can increase overall environmental pressure on insect populations, and this is particularly important in agroecosystems where insect communities provide important ecosystem services (such as natural pest control, pollination, conservation of soil structure and fertility and nutrient cycling), and are already under considerable environmental pressure. We discuss how changes in insect populations driven by ALAN and ALAN itself may hinder these services to influence crop production and biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. Understanding the contribution of ALAN and other factors to the decline of insects is an important step towards mitigation and the recovery of the insect fauna in our landscapes. In future studies, the role of increased nocturnal illumination also needs to be examined as a possible causal factor of insect declines in the ongoing ‘Ecological Armageddon’, along with the more commonly examined factors. Given the large scale of agricultural land use and the potential of ALAN to indirectly and directly impact crop production and biodiversity, a better understanding of effects of ALAN in agroecosystems is urgently needed. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1939 |
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| Author |
Babadi, S.; Ramirez-Inguiez, R.; Boutaleb, T.; Mallick, T. |
| Title |
Producing uniform illumination within a rectangular area by using a nonimaging optic |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Applied Optics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Opt. |
| Volume |
57 |
Issue |
31 |
Pages |
9357 |
| Keywords |
Lighting |
| Abstract |
This paper proposes a new design method to create a novel optical element to generate uniform illumination within a rectangular area. Based on this model, an illuminated area is irradiated by two sets of rays; the first one irradiates the target plane after refraction from the top section of the lens, and the second one irradiates from the reflection at the side profile of the lens and then from refraction at the top part of the lens. The results show that a uniformity of over 90% can be achieved. |
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1559-128X |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2046 |
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