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| Author |
Ngarambe, Jack; Kim, Gon |
| Title |
Sustainable Lighting Policies: The Contribution of Advertisement and Decorative Lighting to Local Light Pollution in Seoul, South Korea |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Sustainability |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sustainability |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1007 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Regulation |
| Abstract |
We carried out field measurements to determine the contribution of advertisement and decorative lighting to local light pollution in Seoul. We used the lighting limits set by the “Light Pollution Prevention Act”, which regulates light pollution, as measuring criteria. Our results show that both advertisement and decorative lighting are significant contributors to local light pollution in Seoul. Thirty percent of advertisement lighting measured in our study areas exceeded the legal limits. Moreover, we found that certain types of advertisement lighting are more likely to cause light pollution than the others. In addition, 73% of the decorative lighting found in our sample areas exceeded the legal limits. Based on our findings, we suggest that local light pollution policies establish a curfew time when all advertisement and decorative lighting must be completely turned off. Such an approach is essential in reducing lighting levels in outdoor environments. Furthermore, it lessens the burden on law enforcement personnel, who otherwise must ensure that advertisement and decorative lighting levels are kept within the legal limits. In light of the ongoing debate over the role of lighting in public well-being and the sustainability of cities, the present study provides a discussion on the status and management policy of light pollution caused by advertisement and decorative lighting. |
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2071-1050 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1829 |
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Kyba, C.C.M.; Mohar, A.; Pintar, G; Stare, J |
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Reducing the environmental footprint of church lighting: matching façade shape and lowering luminance with the EcoSky LED |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
International Journal of Sustainable Lighting |
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20 |
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1 |
Pages |
1-10 |
| Keywords |
Energy; Lighting; Remote Sensing |
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The lighting of the Church of the Three Kings in Logatec, Slovenia was replaced in 2014. The power of the installation was reduced 96% from 1.6 kW to 58 W, and spill light from the site was effectively eliminated. As a result, the church is no longer visible in nighttime satellite images of the area, indicating a reduction of waste light from the site of at least a factor of 30. This article discusses the concept of sustainability with regards to cultural heritage lighting, within the context of this example. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1831 |
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| Author |
Borges, R.M. |
| Title |
Dark Matters: Challenges of Nocturnal Communication Between Plants and Animals in Delivery of Pollination Services |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine |
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| Volume |
91 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
33-42 |
| Keywords |
Plants; Animals |
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The night is a special niche characterized by dim light, lower temperatures, and higher humidity compared to the day. Several animals have made the transition from the day into the night and have acquired unique adaptations to cope with the challenges of performing nocturnal activities. Several plant species have opted to bloom at night, possibly as a response to aridity to prevent excessive water loss through evapotranspiration since flowering is often a water-demanding process, or to protect pollen from heat stress. Nocturnal pollinators have visual adaptations to function under dim light conditions but may also trade off vision against olfaction when they are dependent on nectar-rewarding and scented flowers. Nocturnal pollinators may use CO2 and humidity cues emanating from freshly-opened flowers as indicators of nectar-rich resources. Some endothermic nocturnal insect pollinators are attracted to thermogenic flowers within which they remain to obtain heat as a reward to increase their energy budget. This review focuses on mechanisms that pollinators use to find flowers at night, and the signals that nocturnally blooming flowers may employ to attract pollinators under dim light conditions. It also indicates gaps in our knowledge. While millions of years of evolutionary time have given pollinators and plants solutions to the delivery of pollination services and to the offering of appropriate rewards, this history of successful evolution is being threatened by artificial light at night. Excessive and inappropriate illumination associated with anthropogenic activities has resulted in significant light pollution which serves to undermine life processes governed by dim light. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1832 |
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| Author |
Galadí-Enríquez, D. |
| Title |
Beyond CCT: The spectral index system as a tool for the objective, quantitative characterization of lamps |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |
Abbreviated Journal |
JQSRT |
| Volume |
206 |
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399-408 |
| Keywords |
Lighting |
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Correlated color temperature (CCT) is a semi-quantitative system that roughly describes the spectra of lamps. This parameter gives the temperature (measured in kelvins) of the black body that would show the hue more similar to that of the light emitted by the lamp. Modern lamps for indoor and outdoor lighting display many spectral energy distributions, most of them extremely different to those of black bodies, what makes CCT to be far from a perfect descriptor from the physical point of view. The spectral index system presented in this work provides an accurate, objective, quantitative procedure to characterize the spectral properties of lamps, with just a few numbers. The system is an adaptation to lighting technology of the classical procedures of multi-band astronomical photometry with wide and intermediate-band filters. We describe the basic concepts and we apply the system to a representative set of lamps of many kinds. The results lead to interesting, sometimes surprising conclusions. The spectral index system is extremely easy to implement from the spectral data that are routinely measured at laboratories. Thus, including this kind of computations in the standard protocols for the certification of lamps will be really straightforward, and will enrich the technical description of lighting devices. |
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Elsevier |
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English |
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English |
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0022-4073 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1835 |
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| Author |
Nguyen, Cuong; Noy, Ilan |
| Title |
Measuring the Impact of Insurance on Urban Recovery with L ight : The 2011 New Zealand Earthquake |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
WORKING PAPERS IN ECONOMICS AND FINANCE |
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2/2018 |
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Remote Sensing |
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We measure the longer-term effect of a major earthquake on the local economy, using night-time light intensity measured from space, and investigate whether insurance claim payments for damaged residential property affected the local recovery process. We focus on the destructive Christchurch earthquake of 2011 as our case study. In this event more than 95% of residential housing units were covered by insurance, but insurance payments were staggered over 5 years, enabling us to identify their local impact. We find that night-time luminosity can capture the process of recovery and describe the recovery’s determinants. We also find that insurance payments contributed significantly to the process of economic recovery after the earthquake, but delayed payments were less affective and cash settlement of claims were more affective in contributing to local recovery than insurance-managed rebuilding. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1836 |
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