| Records |
Author  |
Bará, S.; Rodríguez-Arós, Á.; Pérez, M.; Tosar, B.; Lima, R.; Sánchez de Miguel, A.; Zamorano, J. |
| Title |
Estimating the relative contribution of streetlights, vehicles, and residential lighting to the urban night sky brightness |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Lighting Research & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Res & Tech |
| Volume |
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Issue |
October 2018 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Remote Sensing; traffic; Roadway lighting |
| Abstract |
Under stable atmospheric conditions the brightness of the urban sky varies throughout the night following the time course of the anthropogenic emissions of light. Different types of artificial light sources (e.g. streetlights, residential, and vehicle lights) have specific time signatures, and this feature makes it possible to estimate the amount of brightness contributed by each of them. Our approach is based on transforming the time representation of the zenithal night sky brightness into a modal expansion in terms of the time signatures of the different sources of light. The modal coefficients, and hence the absolute and relative contributions of each type of source, can be estimated by means of a linear least squares fit. A practical method for determining the time signatures of different contributing sources is also described, based on wide-field time-lapse photometry of the urban nightscape. Our preliminary results suggest that, besides the dominant streetlight contribution, artificial light leaking out of the windows of residential buildings may account for a significant share of the time-varying part of the zenithal night sky brightness at the measurement locations, whilst the contribution of the vehicle lights seems to be significantly smaller. |
| Address |
Área de Óptica, Dept. Física Aplicada, Facultade de Óptica e Optometría, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Galicia, Spain. salva.bara(at)usc.es |
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| Publisher |
SAGE |
Place of Publication |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1477-1535 |
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Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2052 |
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| Author |
Bará, S.; Ulla, A. |
| Title |
Light Pollution in the Galician Atlantic Islands Maritime-Terrestrial National Park 2018 Report |
Type |
Report |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Conservation; Spain; Galicia; Europe; national park |
| Abstract |
The Galician Atlantic Islands Maritime-Terrestrial National Park (PNMTIAG), with the exception of the island of Cortegada, still has night skies of acceptable quality. However, the PNMTIAG islands are under strong photic pressures, both internal and external, that hinder the preservation of the basic features of the natural night, and call for an immediate action of all concerned stakeholders |
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| Publisher |
USC Tragsa |
Place of Publication |
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| Language |
Galician |
Summary Language |
Galician |
Original Title |
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no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
2187 |
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| Author |
Barentine, J.C.; Walker, C.E.; Kocifaj, M.; Kundracik, F.; Juan, A.; Kanemoto, J.; Monrad, C.K. |
| Title |
Skyglow Changes Over Tucson, Arizona, Resulting From A Municipal LED Street Lighting Conversion |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |
| Volume |
212 |
Issue |
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Pages |
10-23 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow; Tucson; Arizona; LED; modeling; radiative transfer; LED |
| Abstract |
The transition from earlier lighting technologies to white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is a significant change in the use of artificial light at night. LEDs emit considerably more short-wavelength light into the environment than earlier technologies on a per-lumen basis. Radiative transfer models predict increased skyglow over cities transitioning to LED unless the total lumen output of new lighting systems is reduced. The City of Tucson, Arizona (U.S.), recently converted its municipal street lighting system from a mixture of fully shielded high- and low-pressure sodium (HPS/LPS) luminaires to fully shielded 3000 K white LED luminaires. The lighting design intended to minimize increases to skyglow in order to protect the sites of nearby astronomical observatories without compromising public safety. This involved the migration of over 445 million fully shielded HPS/LPS lumens to roughly 142 million fully shielded 3000 K white LED lumens and an expected concomitant reduction in the amount of visual skyglow over Tucson. SkyGlow Simulator models predict skyglow decreases on the order of 10-20% depending on whether fully shielded or partly shielded lights are in use. We tested this prediction using visual night sky brightness estimates and luminance-calibrated, panchromatic all-sky imagery at 15 locations in and near the city. Data were obtained in 2014, before the LED conversion began, and in mid-2017 after approximately 95% of ~18,000 luminaires was converted. Skyglow differed marginally, and in all cases with valid data changed by <±20%. Over the same period, the city’s upward-directed optical radiance detected from Earth orbit decreased by approximately 7%. While these results are not conclusive, they suggest that LED conversions paired with dimming can reduce skyglow over cities. |
| Address |
International Dark-Sky Association, 3223 N 1st Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85719 USA; john(at)darksky.org |
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| Publisher |
Elsevier |
Place of Publication |
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| Language |
English |
Summary Language |
English |
Original Title |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0022-4073 |
ISBN |
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no |
| Call Number |
IDA @ john @ |
Serial |
1819 |
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| Author |
Beccali, M.; Bonomolo, M.; Leccese, F.; Lista, D.; Salvadori, G. |
| Title |
On the impact of safety requirements, energy prices and investment costs in street lighting refurbishment design |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Energy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Energy |
| Volume |
in press |
Issue |
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Pages |
in press |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Economics; Energy; Planning |
| Abstract |
Street lighting is an indispensable feature for the night landscape of cities. It is important for road safety, users visual comfort, crime prevention and to augment the perceived personal safety. Realize and maintain an adequate street lighting service is very expensive for municipalities with significant impact on their budgets. For this reason, special attention should be paid to the design of new street lighting systems and to the refurbishment of existing ones, since many of them are inadequate. In light of this it is very important to implement street lighting designs that fulfil lighting requirements avoiding energy waste and light pollution and, at the same time, result economically sustainable for municipalities. In this paper, an original step by step methodology for the lighting, energy and economic analysis of street lighting refurbishment designs has been introduced and explained in detail. The methodology is suitable for use in cities of different sizes. As an applicative example, the methodology has been tested in the town of Pontedera (Italy) and the results are discussed, also providing a sensitivity analysis of the economic feasibility with respect to the variations of electricity prices and investment costs. |
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0360-5442 |
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| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2020 |
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| Author |
Behera, S.K.; Mohanta, R. |
| Title |
Total An Investigation into Light Pollution as a Limiting factor for shift of Mass nesting ground at Rushikulya rookery Ganjam Odishas |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
American Journal of Marine Research and Reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
1 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Illumination due to artificial lights on nesting beaches and from nearby place to nesting beaches is detrimental to sea turtles because it alters critical nocturnal behaviors specifically, their choice of nesting sites and their return path to the sea after nesting. Illuminations perplex the hatchlings to find sea after emerging. Numerous studies conducted in other countries have demonstrated that artificial lights negatively impact on turtles, both female adults as they come to and go from their home beach to lay eggs, and to turtle hatchlings as they seek out the way to the open ocean. In this study we correlated the mass nesting intensity of 5years (2012 to 2018) at Rushikulya mass nesting site to the illumination zone. Illumination due to light conditions on nesting beaches are complex, and measuring light pollution in a way that effectively captures the impacts to sea turtles is difficult. But increase in intensity of illumination on selective mass nesting beaches showed gradual reduction in intensity of preferred nesting site during the mass nesting event. A gradual shift of nesting preference was also observed more toward darker zone. |
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| Call Number |
NC @ ehyde3 @ |
Serial |
2104 |
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