| Records |
Author  |
Netzel, H.; Netzel, P. |
| Title |
High-resolution map of light pollution |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer |
| Volume |
221 |
Issue |
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Pages |
300-308 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow |
| Abstract |
In 1976 Berry created a very simple model describing artificial night sky brightness due to light emitted by cities. He used several assumptions and simplifications, due to which, map calculated with this model does not properly describes the night sky brightness. Especially, this is the case for highly urbanized areas. We used Berry’s idea, but we changed some assumptions and used very different input data. As in Berry’s approach, we focused on total sky brightness and did not analyze spectral properties of artificial light emission. Resultant map has a resolution of 100 meters, and so far it is the most detailed map of night sky brightness. Moreover we included the shadowing effect, which is very important on mountainous areas. Map is calculated for Poland and for several other places in Europe. We also describe the comparison between calculated values and measurements for different areas in Europe. Also we present comparison between our approach and the new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness. |
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0022-4073 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1937 |
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| Author |
Ngarambe, J.; Lim, H.S.; Kim, G. |
| Title |
Light Pollution: Is there an Environmental Kuznets Curve? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Sustainable Cities and Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sustainable Cities and Society |
| Volume |
42 |
Issue |
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Pages |
337-343 |
| Keywords |
Remote Sensing; Economics; Lighting |
| Abstract |
Light pollution is ranked high among recent forms of environmental degradation. While there have been many studies focusing on the diverse effects of artificial lighting on human health, wild life, etc., studies related to the social-economic impact of light pollution have been neglected. In the current paper, we assessed the relationship between economic development and light pollution. Using collected field data of illuminance levels as a measure of light pollution and land prices as an indicator of economic development, we drew conclusions about the effects of economic development on light pollution. The results did not show an inverted-U relationship between the two variables, hence denouncing the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory. A regression analysis test showed an R-squared value of 0.322 at p > 0.215. Looking at the obtained results, which show no statistical significance between the two variables, we advise that local light pollution regulation laws and policies be equally stringent throughout districts/cities, regardless of economic status. |
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2210-6707 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1969 |
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| Author |
Ngarambe, Jack; Kim, Gon |
| Title |
Sustainable Lighting Policies: The Contribution of Advertisement and Decorative Lighting to Local Light Pollution in Seoul, South Korea |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Sustainability |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sustainability |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1007 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Regulation |
| Abstract |
We carried out field measurements to determine the contribution of advertisement and decorative lighting to local light pollution in Seoul. We used the lighting limits set by the “Light Pollution Prevention Act”, which regulates light pollution, as measuring criteria. Our results show that both advertisement and decorative lighting are significant contributors to local light pollution in Seoul. Thirty percent of advertisement lighting measured in our study areas exceeded the legal limits. Moreover, we found that certain types of advertisement lighting are more likely to cause light pollution than the others. In addition, 73% of the decorative lighting found in our sample areas exceeded the legal limits. Based on our findings, we suggest that local light pollution policies establish a curfew time when all advertisement and decorative lighting must be completely turned off. Such an approach is essential in reducing lighting levels in outdoor environments. Furthermore, it lessens the burden on law enforcement personnel, who otherwise must ensure that advertisement and decorative lighting levels are kept within the legal limits. In light of the ongoing debate over the role of lighting in public well-being and the sustainability of cities, the present study provides a discussion on the status and management policy of light pollution caused by advertisement and decorative lighting. |
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2071-1050 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1829 |
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| Author |
Nguyen, Cuong; Noy, Ilan |
| Title |
Measuring the Impact of Insurance on Urban Recovery with L ight : The 2011 New Zealand Earthquake |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
WORKING PAPERS IN ECONOMICS AND FINANCE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
2/2018 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Remote Sensing |
| Abstract |
We measure the longer-term effect of a major earthquake on the local economy, using night-time light intensity measured from space, and investigate whether insurance claim payments for damaged residential property affected the local recovery process. We focus on the destructive Christchurch earthquake of 2011 as our case study. In this event more than 95% of residential housing units were covered by insurance, but insurance payments were staggered over 5 years, enabling us to identify their local impact. We find that night-time luminosity can capture the process of recovery and describe the recovery’s determinants. We also find that insurance payments contributed significantly to the process of economic recovery after the earthquake, but delayed payments were less affective and cash settlement of claims were more affective in contributing to local recovery than insurance-managed rebuilding. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1836 |
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| Author |
Obayashi, K.; Saeki, K.; Kurumatani, N. |
| Title |
Obayashi et al. Respond to “Light at Night Predicts Depression—What Next?” |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
American Journal of Epidemiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
187 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
439-440 |
| Keywords |
Commentary; Human Health |
| Abstract |
Our research includes some strengths and limitations. The most important strength is objective measurement of light at night (LAN) intensity using a bedside light meter. Most previous studies evaluating the association between LAN and health outcomes have assessed indoor LAN levels using a self-reported questionnaire or outdoor LAN levels using satellite data; however, self-reported indoor LAN levels has not yet been validated with objective measurement and outdoor LAN levels are surrogates for an individual LAN exposure. The second strength of our study includes its longitudinal design using multivariable methods to adjust for confounders, which indicated LAN exposure may be a cause of the incidence of depressive symptoms. Indeed, the depressive score evaluated by questionnaires may be above or below the cut-off value over the short term; therefore, a long-term study considering such unstable outcomes should be conducted. In the current study, LAN exposure was measured for only two nights; thus, an amplitude of LAN intensity has been focused. However, multiple measurements over time in the future study would allow an analysis of fluctuations in LAN exposure, which might be important for circadian physiology. |
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0002-9262 |
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| Call Number |
LoNNe @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1717 |
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