| Records |
| Author |
Shlayan, N.; Challapali, K.; Cavalcanti, D.; Oliveira, T.; Yang, Y. |
| Title |
A Novel Illuminance Control Strategy for Roadway Lighting Based on Greenshields Macroscopic Traffic Model |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
IEEE Photonics Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Photonics J. |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue  |
1 |
Pages |
1-11 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Planning; Economics |
| Abstract |
Most street lights currently deployed have constant illumination levels or vary
based on a predetermined schedule. However, with advances in lighting controls, intelligent transportation systems, and the efforts of transportation agencies at regional and national levels to better sustain and manage the transportation system by monitoring the roadway network, many different types of real-time traffic data are available; which enables the implementation of a traffic responsive outdoor light system. The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) has proposed a class-based lighting control model based on a number of roadway parameters, some of which are traffic related. However, the adaptation of the available traffic data to the existing model is not obvious. In addition, the CIE model can be improved to better reflect traffic characteristics to increase energy efficiency of the overall street lighting system. The intention of this research is to quantify the relationship between real-time traffic, and roadway lighting and to develop a control strategy based on real-time traffic data in order to reduce light energy consumption, enhance safety, and maximize throughput of the roadway. Significant energy savings were observed when the proposed control strategy was implemented in two case studies using available lighting and traffic data for Washington, DC, and Montgomery County, MD, representing urban and rural roadway networks, respectively. |
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1943-0655 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1850 |
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| Author |
Ahmed, AK; Sadik, MA |
| Title |
Study of sky brightness profiles of Baghdad and Karbala cities in Iraq |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
International Journal of Science and Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
18-24 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow |
| Abstract |
This study was used two detectors only i.e., the human eye and photometer of Sky Quality Meter (SQM-LU) during the time of sunrise and sunset. The human eye used to determine the moon's phase. The measurements of sky brightness, by using SQM-LU, performed via two locations that covered Baghdad and Karbala in Iraq from December 2016 through March 2017 intermittently. The research focused only on light perceived by detectors and not how it happens. The aim of research is to find a mathematical formula (i.e . brightness contrast) between the sky brightness against the solar altitude by taking moon illumination as the standard reference. Analytical software based on the Python's PyEphem astrometry library was developed to calculate the solar altitude at the two locations. Finally, the formula of sky brightness obtained from this work is an important key that contributed to finding the simulated sky brightness, when the sun's altitude is known. |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1851 |
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| Author |
Brüning, A.; Kloas, W.; Preuer, T.; Hölker, F. |
| Title |
Influence of artificially induced light pollution on the hormone system of two common fish species, perch and roach, in a rural habitat |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Conservation Physiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Almost all life on earth has adapted to natural cycles of light and dark by evolving circadian and circannual rhythms to synchronize behavioural and physiological processes with the environment. Artificial light at night (ALAN) is suspected to interfere with these rhythms. In this study we examined the influence of ALAN on nocturnal melatonin and sex steroid blood concentrations and mRNA expression of gonadotropins in the pituitary of European perch (Perca fluviatilis) and roach (Rutilus rutilus). In a rural experimental setting, fish were held in net cages in drainage channels experiencing either additional ALAN of ~15 lx at the water surface or natural light conditions at half-moon. No differences in melatonin concentrations between ALAN and natural conditions were detected. However, blood concentration of sex steroids (17β-estradiol; 11-ketotestosterone) as well as mRNA expression of gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone) was reduced in both fish species. We conclude that ALAN can disturb biological rhythms in fish in urban waters. However, impacts on melatonin rhythm might have been blurred by individual differences, sampling methods and moonlight. The effect of ALAN on biomarkers of reproduction suggests a photo-labile period around the onset of gonadogenesis, including the experimental period (August). Light pollution therefore has a great potential to influence crucial life history traits with unpredictable outcome for fish population dynamics. |
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2051-1434 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1858 |
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| Author |
Gwiazdsinski, L.; Straw, W. |
| Title |
Nights and Mountains. Preliminary Explorations of a Double Frontier |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Revue de géographie alpine |
Abbreviated Journal |
rga |
| Volume |
106 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Commentary; Darkness |
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0035-1121 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1866 |
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| Author |
Challéat, S.; Lapostolle, D.; Milian, J. |
| Title |
The Night-time Environment in French Mountain Areas. A Resource and a Transition Operator Towards Sustainability |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Revue de géographie alpine |
Abbreviated Journal |
rga |
| Volume |
106 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Darkness; Society |
| Abstract |
This article presents our approach to construct the night-time environment (NE) as an interdisciplinary research subject. Understood within the framework of various French mountain areas, we show that the NE is highly indicative of different development trajectories. We analyse them by combining traditional social science research into territory with the ecosystem approaches of the experimental sciences. We show how the NE resource (NER) is transformed into an operator that facilitates the transition towards sustainability. By highlighting three of the NE’s specifications, this work lays the groundwork for a transdisciplinary approach. |
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0035-1121 |
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no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1867 |
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