| Records |
| Author |
Lee, S-H.; Lim, H-S. |
| Title |
A Study on Sky Light Pollution based on Sky Glow in Jeju Island |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea |
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| Volume |
34 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
83-91 |
Keywords  |
Skyglow |
| Abstract |
Artificial lighting contributes greatly to developing civilizations. It allows daytime activities to continue throughout the dark hours of the day and thus increasing work productivity as well as allowing people to enjoy nighttime activities. In addition, artificial lighting is used to beautify landscapes, architectural monuments, and thus highlighting the social-economic development of a given place. However, excessive and improper usage of artificial lighting can lead to light pollution. Light pollution is a serious issue that is detrimental to human health. It has been linked to a number of health conditions including sleep disorder, visual discomfort as well as cancer. The effects of light pollution extend throughout the entire ecosystem, affecting both plants and animals. Furthermore, sky-glow from light pollution hinders astronomical observation. The current paper presents a study conducted on lit environment of a nightscape. The quality of the sky was measured in 144 spots using Sky Quality Meter (SQM) devices. The measured spots were chosen on the basis of land use as well as distance from the Halla Mountain. |
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NC @ ehyde3 @ |
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2105 |
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| Author |
Wuchterl, G.; Reithofer, M. |
| Title |
Licht über Wien VI |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
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Skyglow |
| Abstract |
Im Zentrum Wiens sättigt die Erhellung der Nacht, am Stadtrand sinken die jährlichen Zuwächse, wäh-rend im Abstand von 36 Kilometern (Großmugl) die Nächte um 10 % pro Jahr heller werden.Der Gesamtaufwand der Wiener Lichtglocke liegt 2018 bei 37 MW. Der Verlauf von 2011 bis 2018 zeigt ein deutliches Lichtmaximum um 2014 und 2015. Danach stellen wir einen allmählichen Rückgang fest.Der Verlauf der Lichtglocke und noch deutlicher jener der Einzelstationen zeigt signifikante Schwankun-gen von Jahr zu Jahr. Zur Aufklärung der Ursachen, die weder astronomisch noch meteorologisch sind, wur-den monatliche Analysen des Lichtmessnetzes mit Daten des Luftmessnetzes der Wiener MA 22 kombiniert. Die natürliche Variation über das Jahr wurde genutzt, um Zusammenhänge zwischen den Monatsmedianen von Luftfeuchtigkeit und Feinstaub mit jenen der Globalstrahlungsdaten zu suchen.Von 2016 bis 2018 korrelieren die Globalstrahlungswerte mit der relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit und den Feinstaubwerten (PM10 und PM2,5). Die engste Beziehung besteht auf der Kuffner-Sternwarte, wo eine Verdoppelung der Luftfeuchtigkeit statistisch von einer Verzehnfachung der Globalstrahlung begleitet wird. Die gefundenen Relationen sind über einen Faktor 100 in der Globalstrahlung äußerst robust und die Koeffizienten der Relationen sind an allen Stationen sehr homogen.Damit stehen gut bestimmte Zusammenhänge zwischen der Luftgüte und dem Zustand der klaren Atmo-sphäre zur Verfügung. Das wird es erlauben, Lichtmessnetze auf Standardatmosphären zu beziehen und damit eine wesentlich bessere Vergleichbarkeit der Daten zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten herzustellen.- 130 Gigawattstunden Jahresaufwand für die Wiener Lichtglocke- 8 Jahre Vermessung der Lichtglocke zeigen Ansätze eines Rückgangs der Lichtflut- Mehr Feinstaub bewirkt überproportional mehr Lichtverschmutzung |
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German |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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2718 |
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| Author |
Fotios, S.; Gibbons, R. |
| Title |
Road lighting research for drivers and pedestrians: The basis of luminance and illuminance recommendations |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Lighting Research & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research & Technology |
| Volume |
50 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
154-186 |
| Keywords |
Security; Public Safety; Lighting; Review |
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This article discusses quantitative recommendations for road lighting as given in guidelines and standards, primarily, the amount of light. The discussion is framed according to the type of road user, the driver and the pedestrian, these being the user groups associated with major and minor roads, respectively. Presented first is a brief history of road lighting standards, from early to current versions, and, where known, the basis of these standards. Recommendations for the amount of light do not appear to be well-founded in robust empirical evidence, or at least do not tend to reveal the nature of any evidence. This suggests a need to reconsider recommended light levels, a need reinforced by recent developments in the science and technology of lighting and of lighting research. To enable improved recommendations, there is a need for further evidence of the effects of changes in lighting: This article therefore discusses the findings of investigations, which might be considered when developing new standards. |
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1477-1535 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1790 |
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Kersavage, K.; Skinner, N.P.; Bullough, J.D.; Garvey, P.M.; Donnell, E.T.; Rea, M.S. |
| Title |
Investigation of flashing and intensity characteristics for vehicle-mounted warning beacons |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Accident Analysis & Prevention |
Abbreviated Journal |
Accident Analysis & Prevention |
| Volume |
119 |
Issue |
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Pages |
23-28 |
| Keywords |
Security; Public Safety; Lighting |
| Abstract |
Reducing the potential for crashes involving front line service workers and passing vehicles is important for increasing worker safety in work zones and similar locations. Flashing yellow warning beacons are often used to protect, delineate, and provide visual information to drivers within and approaching work zones. A nighttime field study using simulated workers, with and without reflective vests, present outside trucks was conducted to evaluate the effects of different warning beacon intensities and flash frequencies. Interactions between intensity and flash frequency were also analyzed. This study determined that intensitiesof 25/2.5 cd and 150/15 cd (peak/trough intensity) provided the farthest detection distances of the simulated worker. Mean detection distances in response to a flash frequency of 1 Hz were not statistically different from those in response to 4 Hz flashing. Simulated workers wearing reflective vests were seen the farthest distances away from the trucks for all combinations of intensity and flash frequency. |
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0001-4575 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1950 |
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Bará, S.; Rodríguez-Arós, Á.; Pérez, M.; Tosar, B.; Lima, R.; Sánchez de Miguel, A.; Zamorano, J. |
| Title |
Estimating the relative contribution of streetlights, vehicles, and residential lighting to the urban night sky brightness |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Lighting Research & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Res & Tech |
| Volume |
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Issue |
October 2018 |
Pages |
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| Keywords |
Remote Sensing; traffic; Roadway lighting |
| Abstract |
Under stable atmospheric conditions the brightness of the urban sky varies throughout the night following the time course of the anthropogenic emissions of light. Different types of artificial light sources (e.g. streetlights, residential, and vehicle lights) have specific time signatures, and this feature makes it possible to estimate the amount of brightness contributed by each of them. Our approach is based on transforming the time representation of the zenithal night sky brightness into a modal expansion in terms of the time signatures of the different sources of light. The modal coefficients, and hence the absolute and relative contributions of each type of source, can be estimated by means of a linear least squares fit. A practical method for determining the time signatures of different contributing sources is also described, based on wide-field time-lapse photometry of the urban nightscape. Our preliminary results suggest that, besides the dominant streetlight contribution, artificial light leaking out of the windows of residential buildings may account for a significant share of the time-varying part of the zenithal night sky brightness at the measurement locations, whilst the contribution of the vehicle lights seems to be significantly smaller. |
| Address |
Área de Óptica, Dept. Física Aplicada, Facultade de Óptica e Optometría, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Galicia, Spain. salva.bara(at)usc.es |
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SAGE |
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English |
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English |
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1477-1535 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
2052 |
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