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| Author | Zhao, N., Zhang, W., Liu, Y., Samson, E. L., Chen, Y., & Cao, G. | ||||
| Title | Improving Nighttime Light Imagery With Location-Based Social Media Data | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication  |
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 57 | Issue | 4 | Pages | |
| Keywords | Remote Sensing | ||||
| Abstract | Location-based social media have been extensively utilized in the concept of “social sensing” to exploit dynamic information about human activities, yet joint uses of social sensing and remote sensing images are underdeveloped at present. In this paper, the close relationship between the number of Twitter users and brightness of nighttime lights (NTL) over the contiguous United States is calculated and geotagged tweets are then used to upsample a stable light image for 2013. An associated outcome of the upsampling process is the solution of two major problems existing in the NTL image, pixel saturation, and blooming effects. Compared with the original stable light image, digital number (DN) values of the upsampled stable light image have larger correlation coefficients with gridded population (0.47 versus 0.09) and DN values of the new generation NTL image product (0.56 versus 0.52), i.e., the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite day/night band image composite. In addition, total personal incomes of states are disaggregated to each pixel in proportion to the DN value of the pixel in the NTL images and then aggregate by counties. Personal incomes distributed by the upsampled NTL image are closer to the official demographic data than those distributed by the original stable light image. All of these results explore the potential of geotagged tweets to improve the quality of NTL images for more accurately estimating or mapping socioeconomic factors. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | IDA @ intern @ | Serial | 2353 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Mulvin, D. | ||||
| Title | Media Prophylaxis: Night Modes and the Politics of Preventing Harm | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication |
Information & Culture | Abbreviated Journal | Information & Culture |
| Volume | 53 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 175-202 |
| Keywords | Human Health; Society | ||||
| Abstract | This article develops the term “media prophylaxis” to analyze the ways technologies are applied to challenges of calibrating one’s body with its environment and as defenses against endemic, human-made harms. In recent years, self-illuminated screens (like those of computers, phones, and tablets) have been identified by scientists, journalists, and concerned individuals as particularly pernicious sources of sleep-disrupting light. By tracing the history of circadian research, the effects of light on sleep patterns, and the recent appearance of software like “f.lux,” Apple’s “Night Shift,” and “Twilight,” this article shows how media-prophylactic technologies can individualize responsibility for preventing harm while simultaneously surfacing otherwise ignored forms of chronic suffering. | ||||
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| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2164-8034 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | GFZ @ kyba @ | Serial | 1853 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Mulvin, D. | ||||
| Title | Media Prophylaxis: Night Modes and the Politics of Preventing Harm | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication |
Information & Culture | Abbreviated Journal | Information & Culture |
| Volume | 53 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 175-202 |
| Keywords | History; Lighting; Society | ||||
| Abstract | This article develops the term “media prophylaxis” to analyze the ways technologies are applied to challenges of calibrating one’s body with its environment and as defenses against endemic, human-made harms. In recent years, self-illuminated screens (like those of computers, phones, and tablets) have been identified by scientists, journalists, and concerned individuals as particularly pernicious sources of sleep-disrupting light. By tracing the history of circadian research, the effects of light on sleep patterns, and the recent appearance of software like “f.lux,” Apple’s “Night Shift,” and “Twilight,” this article shows how media-prophylactic technologies can individualize responsibility for preventing harm while simultaneously surfacing otherwise ignored forms of chronic suffering. | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2164-8034 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | GFZ @ kyba @ | Serial | 1917 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Eccard, J.A.; Scheffler, I.; Franke, S.; Hoffmann, J.; Leather, S.; Stewart, A. | ||||
| Title | Off-grid: solar powered LED illumination impacts epigeal arthropods | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication |
Insect Conservation and Diversity | Abbreviated Journal | Insect Conserv Divers |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 600-607 |
| Keywords | Animals; Ecology | ||||
| Abstract | Advances in LED technology combined with solar, storable energy bring light to places remote from electricity grids. Worldwide more than 1.3 billion of people are living off‐grid, often in developing regions of high insect biodiversity. In developed countries, dark refuges for wildlife are threatened by ornamental garden lights. Solar powered LEDs (SPLEDs) are cheaply available, dim, and often used to illuminate foot paths, but little is known on their effects on ground living (epigeal) arthropods. We used off‐the‐shelf garden lamps with a single ‘white’ LED (colour temperature 7250 K) to experimentally investigate effects on attraction and nocturnal activity of ground beetles (Carabidae). We found two disparate and species‐specific effects of SPLEDs. (i) Some nocturnal, phototactic species were not reducing activity under illumination and were strongly attracted to lamps (>20‐fold increase in captures compared to dark controls). Such species aggregate in lit areas and SPLEDs may become ecological traps, while the species is drawn from nearby, unlit assemblages. (ii) Other nocturnal species were reducing mobility and activity under illumination without being attracted to light, which may cause fitness reduction in lit areas. Both reactions offer mechanistic explanations on how outdoor illumination can change population densities of specific predatory arthropods, which may have cascading effects on epigeal arthropod assemblages. The technology may thus increase the area of artificial light at night (ALAN) impacting insect biodiversity. Measures are needed to mitigate effects, such as adjustment of light colour temperature and automated switch‐offs. |
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1752458X | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | NC @ ehyde3 @ | Serial | 2085 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Grenis, K.; Murphy, S.M. | ||||
| Title | Direct and indirect effects of light pollution on the performance of an herbivorous insect | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication |
Insect Science | Abbreviated Journal | Insect Sci |
| Volume | 26 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 770-776 |
| Keywords | Animals; Plants | ||||
| Abstract | Light pollution is a global disturbance with resounding impacts on a wide variety of organisms, but our understanding of these impacts is restricted to relatively few higher vertebrate species. We tested the direct effects of light pollution on herbivore performance as well as indirect effects mediated by host plant quality. We found that artificial light from streetlights alters plant toughness. Additionally, we found evidence of both direct and indirect effects of light pollution on the performance of an herbivorous insect, which indicates that streetlights can have cascading impacts on multiple trophic levels. Our novel findings suggest that light pollution can alter plant-insect interactions and thus may have important community-wide consequences. | ||||
| Address | Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1672-9609 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:29425403 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | GFZ @ kyba @ | Serial | 1865 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||