| Records |
| Author |
Linden, B.; Huisman, J.; Rinkevich, B. |
| Title |
Circatrigintan instead of lunar periodicity of larval release in a brooding coral species |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Rep |
| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
5668 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Larval release by brooding corals is often assumed to display lunar periodicity. Here, we show that larval release of individual Stylophora pistillata colonies does not comply with the assumed tight entrainment by the lunar cycle, and can better be classified as a circatrigintan pattern. The colonies exhibited three distinct reproductive patterns, characterized by short intervals, long intervals and no periodicity between reproductive peaks, respectively. Cross correlation between the lunar cycle and larval release of the periodic colonies revealed an approximately 30-day periodicity with a variable lag of 5 to 10 days after full moon. The observed variability indicates that the lunar cycle does not provide a strict zeitgeber. Other factors such as water temperature and solar radiation did not correlate significantly with the larval release. The circatrigintan patterns displayed by S. pistillata supports the plasticity of corals and sheds new light on discussions on the fecundity of brooding coral species. |
| Address |
Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research, National Institute of Oceanography, Tel-Shikmona, P.O. Box 8030, Haifa, 31080, Israel |
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English |
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| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
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| Notes |
PMID:29618779 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial  |
1849 |
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| Author |
Shlayan, N.; Challapali, K.; Cavalcanti, D.; Oliveira, T.; Yang, Y. |
| Title |
A Novel Illuminance Control Strategy for Roadway Lighting Based on Greenshields Macroscopic Traffic Model |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
IEEE Photonics Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
IEEE Photonics J. |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-11 |
| Keywords |
Lighting; Planning; Economics |
| Abstract |
Most street lights currently deployed have constant illumination levels or vary
based on a predetermined schedule. However, with advances in lighting controls, intelligent transportation systems, and the efforts of transportation agencies at regional and national levels to better sustain and manage the transportation system by monitoring the roadway network, many different types of real-time traffic data are available; which enables the implementation of a traffic responsive outdoor light system. The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) has proposed a class-based lighting control model based on a number of roadway parameters, some of which are traffic related. However, the adaptation of the available traffic data to the existing model is not obvious. In addition, the CIE model can be improved to better reflect traffic characteristics to increase energy efficiency of the overall street lighting system. The intention of this research is to quantify the relationship between real-time traffic, and roadway lighting and to develop a control strategy based on real-time traffic data in order to reduce light energy consumption, enhance safety, and maximize throughput of the roadway. Significant energy savings were observed when the proposed control strategy was implemented in two case studies using available lighting and traffic data for Washington, DC, and Montgomery County, MD, representing urban and rural roadway networks, respectively. |
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1943-0655 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1850 |
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| Author |
Ahmed, AK; Sadik, MA |
| Title |
Study of sky brightness profiles of Baghdad and Karbala cities in Iraq |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
International Journal of Science and Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
18-24 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow |
| Abstract |
This study was used two detectors only i.e., the human eye and photometer of Sky Quality Meter (SQM-LU) during the time of sunrise and sunset. The human eye used to determine the moon's phase. The measurements of sky brightness, by using SQM-LU, performed via two locations that covered Baghdad and Karbala in Iraq from December 2016 through March 2017 intermittently. The research focused only on light perceived by detectors and not how it happens. The aim of research is to find a mathematical formula (i.e . brightness contrast) between the sky brightness against the solar altitude by taking moon illumination as the standard reference. Analytical software based on the Python's PyEphem astrometry library was developed to calculate the solar altitude at the two locations. Finally, the formula of sky brightness obtained from this work is an important key that contributed to finding the simulated sky brightness, when the sun's altitude is known. |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1851 |
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| Author |
Mulvin, D. |
| Title |
Media Prophylaxis: Night Modes and the Politics of Preventing Harm |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Information & Culture |
Abbreviated Journal |
Information & Culture |
| Volume |
53 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
175-202 |
| Keywords |
Human Health; Society |
| Abstract |
This article develops the term “media prophylaxis” to analyze the ways technologies are applied to challenges of calibrating one’s body with its environment and as defenses against endemic, human-made harms. In recent years, self-illuminated screens (like those of computers, phones, and tablets) have been identified by scientists, journalists, and concerned individuals as particularly pernicious sources of sleep-disrupting light. By tracing the history of circadian research, the effects of light on sleep patterns, and the recent appearance of software like “f.lux,” Apple’s “Night Shift,” and “Twilight,” this article shows how media-prophylactic technologies can individualize responsibility for preventing harm while simultaneously surfacing otherwise ignored forms of chronic suffering. |
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2164-8034 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1853 |
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| Author |
Solano-Lamphar, H.A.; Kocifaj, M. |
| Title |
Numerical research on the effects the skyglow could have in phytochromes and RQE photoreceptors of plants |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Environmental Management |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Environ Manage |
| Volume |
209 |
Issue |
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Pages |
484-494 |
| Keywords |
Plants; Skyglow |
| Abstract |
The increase of artificial light at night has a terrible impact on organisms with nightlife patterns such as a migration, nutrition, reproduction and collective interaction. Plants are not free from this issue as they have life cycle events occurring not only yearly but also daily. Such events relate to daytime variations with seasons in which the flowers of deciduous trees bloom and the leaves of certain trees fall off and change color. A response of plants to artificial light at night still remains poorly quantified; but recent scientific research suggest that skyglow can disturb plants processes. For instance, low levels of light affect deciduous plants, which shed their leaves as days grow short in the fall. In this paper we model skyglow considering the features of artificial light that can affect natural processes of plants during the night. A case-study was conducted to mimic skyglow effects in real location for which experimental data exist. In our numerical simulations we found that some lighting systems can have an effect on plant photoreceptors and affect the phenology of plants. Specifically, the lamps that emit the electromagnetic energy in a wide spectral range can have greater effect on the photosensitivity of the plants. We believe the results obtained here will motivate botanists to make a targeted experiment to verify or challenge our findings. If the night light can change plant behavior under some conditions, it can have significant implications in botany, biology, or even agriculture. |
| Address |
ICA, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Road 9, 845 03, Bratislava, Slovak Republic; Faculty of Mathematics, Physics, and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina, 842 48, Bratislava, Slovakia. Electronic address: kocifaj@savba.sk |
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English |
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0301-4797 |
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| Notes |
PMID:29316469 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1854 |
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