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| Author | Hoyos-Díaz, J. M., Villalba-Alemán, E., Ramoni-Perazzi, P., & Muñoz-Romo, M. | ||||
Title  |
Impact of artificial lighting on capture success in two species of frugivorous bats (chiroptera: phyllostomidae) in an urban locality from the Venezuelan Andes | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Mastozoologia Neotropical | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 25 | Issue | 2 | Pages | |
| Keywords | Animals | ||||
| Abstract | Artificial light is becoming a major issue for bats because it affects critical activities such as foraging, reproduction, and communication. We assessed the effect of artificial lighting on Artibeus lituratus and Artibeus jamaicensis in a small secondary growth forest patch near a street subjected to unexpected illumination. Bats were captured in the forest patch using a 12-m long mist net. Results indicated a nearly six-fold, significant decrease in capture success after the street lamps were installed. Artificial light from street lamps functions as a “light barrier” that inhibits bats from conducting short and long-distance movements, which might have detrimental consequences for bats and the plants they disperse. RESUMEN. Impacto de la luz artificial en el éxito de captura de dos especies de murciélagos frugívoros (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) en una localidad urbana de Los Andes venezolanos. La luz artificial se ha convertido en un problema grave para los murciélagos, porque está afectando actividades críticas que incluyen forrajeo, reproducción y comunicación. Evaluamos el efecto de la luz artificial en los murciélagos frugívoros Artibeus lituratus y Artibeus jamaicensis, en un pequeño parche de bosque secundario, cercano a una calle sujeta a una iluminación artificial inesperada. Capturamos a los murciélagos en el bosque secundario, empleando una red de neblina de 12 m de longitud. Los resultados indican que el éxito de captura disminuyó significativamente casi seis veces después de la instalación de los bombillos. La luz artificial de las lámparas funciona como “barreras u obstáculos de luz” que inhiben a los murciélagos de realizar movimientos de corta y larga distancia, lo cual podría tener consecuencias perjudiciales para los murciélagos y las plantas que ellos dispersan. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | IDA @ intern @ | Serial | 2318 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Cho, CH; Yoon, HK; Kang, SG; Kim, L; Lee, E; Lee, HJ | ||||
| Title |
Impact of Exposure to Dim Light at Night on Sleep in Female and Comparison with Male Subjects | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Psychiatry Investigation | Abbreviated Journal | Psychiatry Investig |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 520-530 |
| Keywords | Human Health | ||||
| Abstract | Light pollution has become a social and health issue. We performed an experimental study to investigate impact of dim light at night (dLAN) on sleep in female subjects, with measurement of salivary melatonin. Methods: The 25 female subjects (Group A: 12; Group B: 13 subjects) underwent a nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG) session with no light (Night 1) followed by an NPSG session randomly assigned to two conditions (Group A: 5; Group B: 10 lux) during a whole night of sleep (Night 2). Salivary melatonin was measured before and after sleep on each night. For further investigation, the female and male subjects of our previous study were collected (48 subjects), and differences according to gender were compared. Results: dLAN during sleep was significantly associated with decreased total sleep time (TST; F=4.818, p=0.039), sleep efficiency (SE; F=5.072, p=0.034), and Stage R latency (F=4.664, p=0.041) for female subjects, and decreased TST (F=14.971, p<0.001) and SE (F=7.687, p=0.008), and increased wake time after sleep onset (F=6.322, p=0.015) and Stage R (F=5.031, p=0.03), with a night-group interaction (F=4.579, p=0.038) for total sample. However, no significant melatonin changes. There was no significant gender difference of the impact of dLAN on sleep, showing the negative changes in the amount and quality of sleep and the increase in REM sleep in the both gender group under 10 lux condition. Conclusion: We found a negative impact of exposure to dLAN on sleep in female as well as in merged subjects. REM sleep showed a pronounced increase under 10 lux than under 5 lux in merged subjects, suggesting the possibility of subtle influences of dLAN on REM sleep. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | GFZ @ kyba @ | Serial | 1845 | ||
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| Author | Kawasaki, A.; Wisniewski, S.; Healey, B.; Pattyn, N.; Kunz, D.; Basner, M.; Münch, M. | ||||
| Title |
Impact of long-term daylight deprivation on retinal light sensitivity, circadian rhythms and sleep during the Antarctic winter | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Scientific Reports | Abbreviated Journal | Sci Rep |
| Volume | 8 | Issue | 1 | Pages | |
| Keywords | Human Health | ||||
| Abstract | Long-term daylight deprivation such as during the Antarctic winter has been shown to lead to delayed sleep timing and sleep fragmentation. We aimed at testing whether retinal sensitivity, sleep and circadian rest-activity will change during long-term daylight deprivation on two Antarctic bases (Concordia and Halley VI) in a total of 25 healthy crew members (mean age: 34 ± 11y; 7f). The pupil responses to different light stimuli were used to assess retinal sensitivity changes. Rest-activity cycles were continuously monitored by activity watches. Overall, our data showed increased pupil responses under scotopic (mainly rod-dependent), photopic (mainly L-/M-cone dependent) as well as bright-blue light (mainly melanopsin-dependent) conditions during the time without direct sunlight. Circadian rhythm analysis revealed a significant decay of intra-daily stability, indicating more fragmented rest-activity rhythms during the dark period. Sleep and wake times (as assessed from rest-activity recordings) were significantly delayed after the first month without sunlight (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that during long-term daylight deprivation, retinal sensitivity to blue light increases, whereas circadian rhythm stability decreases and sleep-wake timing is delayed. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2045-2322 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | GFZ @ kyba @ | Serial | 2053 | ||
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| Author | Aulsebrook, A.E.; Jones, T.M.; Mulder, R.A.; Lesku, J.A. | ||||
| Title |
Impacts of artificial light at night on sleep: A review and prospectus | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological and Integrative Physiology | Abbreviated Journal | J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol |
| Volume | 329 | Issue | 8-9 | Pages | 409-418 |
| Keywords | Animals; Human Activities; Review | ||||
| Abstract | Natural cycles of light and darkness govern the timing of most aspects of animal behavior and physiology. Artificial light at night (ALAN)-a recent and pervasive form of pollution-can mask natural photoperiodic cues and interfere with biological rhythms. One such rhythm vulnerable to perturbation is the sleep-wake cycle. ALAN may greatly influence sleep in humans and wildlife, particularly in animals that sleep predominantly at night. There has been some recent evidence for impacts of ALAN on sleep, but critical questions remain. Some of these can be addressed by adopting approaches already entrenched in sleep research. In this paper, we review the current evidence for impacts of ALAN on sleep, highlight gaps in our understanding, and suggest opportunities for future research. | ||||
| Address | La Trobe University, School of Life Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 2471-5638 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:29869374 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | GFZ @ kyba @ | Serial | 1933 | ||
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| Author | Scheuermaier, K.; Munch, M.; Ronda, J.M.; Duffy, J.F. | ||||
| Title |
Improved cognitive morning performance in healthy older adults following blue-enriched light exposure on the previous evening | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2018 | Publication | Behavioural Brain Research | Abbreviated Journal | Behav Brain Res |
| Volume | 348 | Issue | Pages | 267-275 | |
| Keywords | Human Health | ||||
| Abstract | OBJECTIVES: Exposure to light can have acute alerting and circadian phase-shifting effects. This study investigated the effects of evening exposure to blue-enriched polychromatic white (BEL) vs. polychromatic white light (WL) on sleep inertia dissipation the following morning in older adults. METHODS: Ten healthy older adults (average age=63.3 yrs; 6F) participated in a 13-day study comprising three baseline days, an initial circadian phase assessment, four days with 2-h evening light exposures, a post light exposure circadian phase assessment and three recovery days. Participants were randomized to either BEL or WL of the same irradiance for the four evening light exposures. On the next mornings at 2, 12, 22 and 32min after each wake time, the participants completed a 90-s digit-symbol substitution test (DSST) to assess working memory, and objective alertness was assessed using a wake EEG recording. DSST and power density from the wake EEG recordings were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: DSST performance improved with time awake (p<0.0001) and across study days in both light exposure groups (p<0.0001). There was no main effect of group, although we observed a significant day x group interaction (p=0.0004), whereby participants exposed to BEL performed significantly better on the first two mornings after light exposures than participants in WL (post-hoc, p<0.05). On those days, the BEL group showed higher EEG activity in some of the frequency bins in the sigma and beta range (p<0.05) on the wake EEG. CONCLUSION: Exposure to blue-enriched white light in the evening significantly improved DSST performance the following morning when compared to polychromatic white light. This was associated with a higher level of objective alertness on the wake EEG, but not with changes in sleep or circadian timing. | ||||
| Address | Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0166-4328 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:29684473 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | GFZ @ kyba @ | Serial | 1899 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||