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| Author |
Nagare, R.; Plitnick, B.; Figueiro, M. |
| Title |
Does the iPad Night Shift mode reduce melatonin suppression? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Lighting Research & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research & Technology |
Volume  |
51 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
373-383 |
| Keywords |
Human Health |
| Abstract |
The increased use of self-luminous displays, especially in the evening prior to bedtime, has been associated with melatonin suppression, delayed sleep and sleep curtailment. The present study set out to investigate whether the Night Shift application provided by Apple Inc. for use on its portable electronic devices is effective for reducing acute melatonin suppression, a well-established marker of circadian phase. Participants experienced four experimental conditions: a dim light control, a high circadian stimulus true positive intervention and two Night Shift interventions delivering low and high correlated colour temperature light from the devices. Melatonin suppression did not significantly differ between the two Night Shift interventions, which indicates that changing the spectral composition of self-luminous displays without changing their brightness settings may be insufficient for preventing impacts on melatonin suppression. |
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1477-1535 |
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LoNNe @ kyba @; GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1798 |
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| Author |
Nagare, R.; Plitnick, B.; Figueiro, M. |
| Title |
Effect of exposure duration and light spectra on nighttime melatonin suppression in adolescents and adults |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Lighting Research & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research & Technology |
| Volume |
51 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
530-543 |
| Keywords |
Human Health |
| Abstract |
This study investigated how light exposure duration affects melatonin suppression, a well-established marker of circadian phase, and whether adolescents (13–18 years) are more sensitive to short-wavelength (blue) light than adults (32–51 years). Twenty-four participants (12 adolescents, 12 adults) were exposed to three lighting conditions during successive 4-h study nights that were separated by at least one week. In addition to a dim light (<5 lux) control, participants were exposed to two light spectra (warm (2700 K) and cool (5600 K)) delivering a circadian stimulus of 0.25 at eye level. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect of exposure duration, indicating that a longer duration exposure suppressed melatonin to a greater degree. The analysis further revealed a significant main effect of spectrum and a significant interaction between spectrum and participant age. For the adolescents, but not the adults, melatonin suppression was significantly greater after exposure to the 5600 K intervention (43%) compared to the 2700 K intervention (29%), suggesting an increased sensitivity to short-wavelength radiation. These results will be used to extend the model of human circadian phototransduction to incorporate factors such as exposure duration and participant age to better predict effective circadian stimulus. |
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1477-1535 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1821 |
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| Author |
S Fotios, J Uttley |
| Title |
Illuminance required to detect a pavement obstacle of critical size |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Lighting Research & Technology |
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50 |
Issue |
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Pages |
390-404 |
| Keywords |
Vision; Lighting |
| Abstract |
This paper investigates the illuminance needed to detect trip hazards for pedestrians walking after dark. In previous work, it was assumed that the critical obstacle height is 25 mm: further review of accident data and foot clearance data suggests instead that 10 mm is the critical height. Eye tracking records suggest a tendency for obstacles to be detected approximately 3.4 m ahead. Interpretation of obstacle detection data suggests horizontal photopic illuminances of up to 0.9 lux are required for peripheral detection of a 10 mm obstacle 3.4 m ahead, according to the scotopic/photopic ratio of the lighting and the age of the observer. |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
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1765 |
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| Author |
Fotios, S.; Gibbons, R. |
| Title |
Road lighting research for drivers and pedestrians: The basis of luminance and illuminance recommendations |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Lighting Research & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research & Technology |
| Volume |
50 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
154-186 |
| Keywords |
Security; Public Safety; Lighting; Review |
| Abstract |
This article discusses quantitative recommendations for road lighting as given in guidelines and standards, primarily, the amount of light. The discussion is framed according to the type of road user, the driver and the pedestrian, these being the user groups associated with major and minor roads, respectively. Presented first is a brief history of road lighting standards, from early to current versions, and, where known, the basis of these standards. Recommendations for the amount of light do not appear to be well-founded in robust empirical evidence, or at least do not tend to reveal the nature of any evidence. This suggests a need to reconsider recommended light levels, a need reinforced by recent developments in the science and technology of lighting and of lighting research. To enable improved recommendations, there is a need for further evidence of the effects of changes in lighting: This article therefore discusses the findings of investigations, which might be considered when developing new standards. |
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1477-1535 |
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no |
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LoNNe @ kyba @ |
Serial |
1790 |
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| Author |
Rea, M. |
| Title |
The what and the where of vision lighting research |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Lighting Research & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research & Technology |
| Volume |
50 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
14-37 |
| Keywords |
Vision; Review |
| Abstract |
Vision neuroscience research and vision lighting research have historically run on parallel paths. The former discipline is primarily interested in understanding the basic neurophysiological and biophysical characteristics of the visual system, while the latter is primarily interested in understanding the best means for designing and engineering perceptions of architectural spaces and for improving safety and productivity of indoor and outdoor applications. This review frames vision lighting research conducted over the past century in terms of current vision neuroscience research, illustrating the similarities in the two research paths. It is also argued that visual lighting research could be more impactful on society at large if the basic framework established by vision neuroscience were considered in planning and conducting applications research. Specifically, studies aimed at understanding the luminous environment in terms of the what and the where of visual subsystems would provide the foundation for developing unique and highly valuable lighting applications and standards. |
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1477-1535 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1956 |
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