| Records |
| Author |
Lee, S-H.; Lim, H-S. |
| Title |
A Study on Sky Light Pollution based on Sky Glow in Jeju Island |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea |
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Volume  |
34 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
83-91 |
| Keywords |
Skyglow |
| Abstract |
Artificial lighting contributes greatly to developing civilizations. It allows daytime activities to continue throughout the dark hours of the day and thus increasing work productivity as well as allowing people to enjoy nighttime activities. In addition, artificial lighting is used to beautify landscapes, architectural monuments, and thus highlighting the social-economic development of a given place. However, excessive and improper usage of artificial lighting can lead to light pollution. Light pollution is a serious issue that is detrimental to human health. It has been linked to a number of health conditions including sleep disorder, visual discomfort as well as cancer. The effects of light pollution extend throughout the entire ecosystem, affecting both plants and animals. Furthermore, sky-glow from light pollution hinders astronomical observation. The current paper presents a study conducted on lit environment of a nightscape. The quality of the sky was measured in 144 spots using Sky Quality Meter (SQM) devices. The measured spots were chosen on the basis of land use as well as distance from the Halla Mountain. |
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NC @ ehyde3 @ |
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2105 |
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Madahi, P.-G.; Ivan, O.; Adriana, B.; Diana, O.; Carolina, E. |
| Title |
Constant light during lactation programs circadian and metabolic systems |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chronobiology International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chronobiol Int |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
1153-1167 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Exposure to light at night is a disruptive condition for the adult circadian system, leading to arrhythmicity in nocturnal rodents. Circadian disruption is a risk factor for developing physiological and behavioral alterations, including weight gain and metabolic disease. During early stages of development, the circadian system undergoes a critical period of adjustment, and it is especially vulnerable to altered lighting conditions that may program its function, leading to long-term effects. We hypothesized that during lactation a disrupted light-dark cycle due to light at night may disrupt the circadian system and in the long term induce metabolic disorders. Here we explored in pups, short- and long-term effects of constant light (LL) during lactation. In the short term, LL caused a loss of rhythmicity and a reduction in the immunopositive cells of VIP, AVP, and PER1 in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). In the short term, the affection on the circadian clock in the pups resulted in body weight gain, loss of daily rhythms in general activity, plasma glucose and triglycerides (TG). Importantly, the DD conditions during development also induced altered daily rhythms in general activity and in the SCN. Exposure to LD conditions after lactation did not restore rhythmicity in the SCN, and the number of immunopositve cells to VIP, AVP, and PER1 remained reduced. In the long term, daily rhythmicity in general activity was restored; however, daily rhythms in glucose and TG remained disrupted, and daily mean levels of TG were significantly increased. Present results point out the programming role played by the LD cycle during early development in the function of the circadian system and on metabolism. This study points out the risk represented by exposure to an altered light-dark cycle during early stages of development. ABBREVIATIONS: AVP: arginine vasopressin peptide; CRY: cryptochrome; DD: constant darkness; DM: dorsomedial; LD: light-dark cycle; LL: constant light; NICUs: neonatal intensive care units; P: postnatal days; PER: period; S.E.M.: standard error of the mean; SCN: suprachiasmatic nucleus; TG: triglycerides; VIP: vasointestinal peptide; VL: ventrolateral; ZT: zeitgeber time. |
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a Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, UNAM , Mexico City , Mexico |
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English |
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0742-0528 |
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PMID:29688088 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1884 |
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Rybnikova, N.; Portnov, B.A. |
| Title |
Population-level study links short-wavelength nighttime illumination with breast cancer incidence in a major metropolitan area |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chronobiology International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chronobiol Int |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1198-1208 |
| Keywords |
Human Health |
| Abstract |
Several population-level studies revealed a positive association between breast cancer (BC) incidence and artificial light at night (ALAN) exposure. However, the effect of short-wavelength illumination, implicated by laboratory research and small-scale cohort studies as the main driving force behind BC-ALAN association, has not been supported by any population-level study carried out to date. We investigated a possible link between BC and ALAN of different subspectra using a multi-spectral year-2011 satellite image, taken from the International Space Station, and superimposing it with year-2013 BC incidence data available for the Great Haifa Metropolitan Area in Israel. The analysis was performed using both ordinary least square (OLS) and spatial dependency models, controlling for socioeconomic and locational attributes of the study area. The study revealed strong associations between BC and blue and green light subspectra (B = 0.336 +/- 0.001 and B = 0.335 +/- 0.002, respectively; p < 0.01), compared to a somewhat weaker effect for the red subspectrum (B = 0.056 +/- 0.001; p < 0.01). However, spatial dependency models, controlling for spatial autocorrelation of regression residuals, confirmed only a positive association between BC incidence and short-wavelength (blue) ALAN subspectrum (z = 2.462, p < 0.05) while reporting insignificant associations between BC and either green (z = 1.425, p > 0.1) or red (z = -0.604, p > 0.1) subspectra. The obtained result is in line with the results of laboratory- and small-scale cohort studies linking short-wavelength nighttime illumination with circadian disruption and melatonin suppression. The detected effect of blue lights on BC incidence may help to develop informed illumination policies aimed at minimizing the adverse health effects of ALAN exposure on human health. |
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a Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management , University of Haifa , Haifa , Israel |
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English |
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0742-0528 |
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PMID:29768068 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1906 |
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| Author |
Fotios, S.; Yao, Q. |
| Title |
The association between correlated colour temperature and scotopic/photopic ratio |
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Journal Article |
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2018 |
Publication |
Lighting Research & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Lighting Research & Technology |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1365-1374 |
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Vision; Lighting |
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The scotopic/photopic ratio (S/P) is a parameter that may be considered in the design of road lighting. This paper compares the S/P ratio and correlated colour temperature (CCT) for 297 light source spectra identified in IES Technical Memorandum TM-30-15 to test the assumption that higher S/P ratios demand higher CCTs. The results suggest that, for a given lamp type, there is a strong association between S/P ratio and CCT, and hence that for a given CCT only a small variation in S/P ratio is available. However, the results also suggest that a larger variation in S/P ratio is possible if the lighting designer is able to consider a change in lamp type. |
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1477-1535 |
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no |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1954 |
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Maroni, M.J.; Capri, K.M.; Cushman, A.V.; Monteiro De Pina, I.K.; Chasse, M.H.; Seggio, J.A. |
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Constant light alters serum hormone levels related to thyroid function in male CD-1 mice |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Chronobiology International |
Abbreviated Journal |
Chronobiol Int |
| Volume |
35 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1456-1463 |
| Keywords |
Animals |
| Abstract |
Disruptions to the circadian rhythm can lead to altered metabolism. Modification of thyroid function may be a reason why circadian misalignment may contribute to future metabolic disorders. We investigated whether circadian disruption through constant light (LL) can lead to variations in hormone levels associated with thyroid function. Mice were exposed to LL or a 12:12 Light:Dark (LD) cycle for 6 weeks; then glucose tolerance and thyroid hormone levels were measured at ZT 6 and ZT 18. There was day/night variation in glucose tolerance, but LL had no effect. LL reduced TSH, increased fT4, and abolished day/night variation in fT3 and leptin. These findings illustrate that LL alters thyroid-related hormones, providing evidence of a link between circadian disruption and thyroid function. |
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a Department of Biological Sciences , Bridgewater State University , Bridgewater , MA , USA |
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English |
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0742-0528 |
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PMID:29953263 |
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GFZ @ kyba @ |
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1958 |
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