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Saunders, H. S. (1887). Collecting At The Electric Light, 1886. Can Entomol, 19(2), 21–29.
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Knaus, W. (1897). Collecting Notes on Kansas Coleoptera. Transactions of the Annual Meetings of the Kansas Academy of Science, 16, 197.
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Kenyon, F. C. (1898). The Occurrence In Great Abundance Of Insects Ordinarily Merely Common. Science, 8(199), 551–552.
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Marimuthu C., & Kirubakaran V. (2015). Carbon and Energy Pay Back Period for the Solar Street Light using Life Cycle Assessment. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 8(3), 1125–1130.
Abstract: Electronic street lights are big consumers of energy, costing millions to cities and municipalities around the world. Solar Street light is one of the method to reduce the power consumption by generate the energy using the solar Photovoltaic panel. This system includes the power generators (panel), storage (batteries) and management (controller) as well as the light, poles and weather proof housing for batteries. Life cycle inventories are based on manufacturers data combined with additional calculation and assumption. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology used in this research was based on the ISO 14040 and 14044 series. In this paper, the LCA method is used to investigate the environmental impacts of two types of street light technology, conventional street light and solar street light. The cradle to grave analysis for conventional and solar street light includes raw material extraction, production, uses and end of life scenario. The detail investigation has made for the existing solar street light present at Gandhigram Rural University, Dindigul Dist, Tamil Nadu. The specification of the solar street light is 80W capacity, 1.2 m2 area of panel and 135Ah – 12V battery. The total no of poles is 70. For the above system carbon intensity, Energy Pay Back Period and Carbon Pay Back Period have been calculated and compared with conventional street light. The result from the study will support local decision makers when seeking a balance between the environmental, financial and social requirements of public lighting services.
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Maggi, E., Bertocci, I., & Benedetti-Cecchi, L. (2020). Light pollution enhances temporal variability of photosynthetic activity in mature and developing biofilm. Hydrobiologia, 847(7), 1793–1802.
Abstract: Artificial light at night (ALAN) has been recently recognized as a threat for aquatic systems, but a comprehensive knowledge of its effects is still lacking. A fundamental question is whether and how ALAN might affect temporal variability of communities, thus undermining the stability of mature assemblages or influencing the colonization process. Here we investigated the role of ALAN on temporal variability of total biomass and maximum photosynthetic efficiency of marine autotrophic biofilms colonizing Mediterranean high-shore rock surfaces while controlling for density of their main grazers. Results showed stability in total biomass, but an increase in maximum photosynthetic efficiency from unlit to lit conditions, which suggested a temporal change in composition and/or abundance of different taxa within mature assemblages. The effect was weaker during the colonization process; in this case, density of grazers acted in the opposite direction of ALAN. We suggest that the addition of light at times when it would not be naturally present may affect the temporal variability of a variety of functioning in aquatic systems, depending on species-specific sensitivities to ALAN within microbial assemblages and/or indirect effects mediated by their consumers. We highlight to further investigate the role of this emergent topic in aquatic ecology.
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